update controllers logic

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Administrator/TeacherClassAssignmentController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Administrator;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Teachers\TeacherAssignmentDeleteRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Teachers\TeacherAssignmentListRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Teachers\TeacherAssignmentStoreRequest;
@@ -32,8 +32,13 @@ class TeacherClassAssignmentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(TeacherAssignmentStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $payload['updated_by'] = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        $payload['updated_by'] = $userId;
 
         $result = $this->assignmentService->assign($payload);
         $status = $result['ok'] ? 200 : 422;
@@ -55,4 +60,17 @@ class TeacherClassAssignmentController extends BaseApiController
             'message' => $result['message'] ?? '',
         ], $status);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Assignment/AssignmentApiController.php

@@ -46,9 +46,14 @@ class AssignmentApiController extends Controller
             ], 422);
         }
 
+        $userId = (int) ($request->user()?->id ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
         $assignment = $this->assignmentService->storeAssignment(
             data: $validator->validated(),
-            updatedBy: $request->user()?->id
+            updatedBy: $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json([

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Attendance/AdminAttendanceApiController.php

@@ -31,9 +31,14 @@ class AdminAttendanceApiController extends Controller
 
     public function updateManagement(UpdateAttendanceManagementRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $user = auth()->user();
+        if ($user === null) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
         try {
             return response()->json(
-                $this->attendanceService->updateAttendanceManagement(auth()->user(), $request->validated())
+                $this->attendanceService->updateAttendanceManagement($user, $request->validated())
             );
         } catch (Throwable $e) {
             return response()->json(['message' => $e->getMessage()], 422);
@@ -42,9 +47,14 @@ class AdminAttendanceApiController extends Controller
 
     public function addEntry(AdminAddAttendanceEntryRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $user = auth()->user();
+        if ($user === null) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
         try {
             return response()->json(
-                $this->attendanceService->adminAddEntry(auth()->user(), $request->validated())
+                $this->attendanceService->adminAddEntry($user, $request->validated())
             );
         } catch (Throwable $e) {
             return response()->json(['message' => $e->getMessage()], 422);

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Attendance/AttendanceCommentTemplateController.php

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Attendance;
 
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Services\ApplicationUrlService;
 use App\Services\AttendanceCommentTemplateService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
@@ -11,10 +12,22 @@ use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
 class AttendanceCommentTemplateController extends Controller
 {
     public function __construct(
-        protected AttendanceCommentTemplateService $service
+        protected AttendanceCommentTemplateService $service,
+        protected ApplicationUrlService $urls,
     ) {
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Bootstrap URLs for admin UIs (legacy CodeIgniter parity + SPA).
+     */
+    public function bootstrapUrls(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => true,
+            'data' => $this->urls->attendanceCommentTemplateBootstrapData(),
+        ]);
+    }
+
     public function index(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $activeOnly = filter_var(
@@ -119,4 +132,83 @@ class AttendanceCommentTemplateController extends Controller
             'message' => 'Template deleted successfully.',
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * CodeIgniter {@see \App\Controllers\View\AttendanceCommentTemplateController::save}
+     * POST fields: id?, min_score, max_score, template_text, is_active (checkbox "on").
+     */
+    public function legacySave(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $id = $request->input('id');
+        $hasId = $id !== null && $id !== '' && (int) $id > 0;
+
+        $rules = [
+            'min_score' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:0', 'max:100'],
+            'max_score' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:0', 'max:100'],
+            'template_text' => ['required', 'string', 'max:5000'],
+        ];
+
+        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), $rules);
+
+        $validator->after(function ($v) use ($request) {
+            $min = (int) $request->input('min_score');
+            $max = (int) $request->input('max_score');
+            if ($max < $min) {
+                $v->errors()->add('max_score', 'The max_score field must be greater than or equal to min_score.');
+            }
+        });
+
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                'errors' => $validator->errors(),
+            ], 422);
+        }
+
+        $isActive = $this->legacyIsActive($request);
+
+        $payload = [
+            'min_score' => (int) $request->input('min_score'),
+            'max_score' => (int) $request->input('max_score'),
+            'template_text' => (string) $request->input('template_text'),
+            'is_active' => $isActive,
+        ];
+
+        if ($hasId) {
+            $this->service->update((int) $id, $payload);
+        } else {
+            $this->service->create($payload);
+        }
+
+        return response()->json(['status' => 'success']);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CodeIgniter {@see \App\Controllers\View\AttendanceCommentTemplateController::delete}.
+     */
+    public function legacyDelete(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $id = $request->input('id');
+        if ($id === null || $id === '' || (int) $id <= 0) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => 'error',
+                'message' => 'ID not provided',
+            ], 400);
+        }
+
+        $this->service->delete((int) $id);
+
+        return response()->json(['status' => 'success']);
+    }
+
+    private function legacyIsActive(Request $request): bool
+    {
+        $raw = $request->input('is_active');
+
+        return $raw === 'on'
+            || $raw === 1
+            || $raw === '1'
+            || $raw === true
+            || $raw === 'true';
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Attendance/LateSlipLogsController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Attendance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Attendance\LateSlipLogIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Attendance\LateSlipLogCollection;
 use App\Http\Resources\Attendance\LateSlipLogResource;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Attendance/StaffAttendanceApiController.php

@@ -42,9 +42,14 @@ class StaffAttendanceApiController extends Controller
 
     public function saveAdmins(SaveAdminAttendanceRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $user = auth()->user();
+        if ($user === null) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
         try {
             return response()->json(
-                $this->staffAttendanceService->saveAdmins(auth()->user(), $request->validated())
+                $this->staffAttendanceService->saveAdmins($user, $request->validated())
             );
         } catch (Throwable $e) {
             return response()->json(['message' => $e->getMessage()], 422);
@@ -53,9 +58,14 @@ class StaffAttendanceApiController extends Controller
 
     public function saveCell(SaveStaffAttendanceCellRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $user = auth()->user();
+        if ($user === null) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
         try {
             return response()->json(
-                $this->staffAttendanceService->saveCell(auth()->user(), $request->validated())
+                $this->staffAttendanceService->saveCell($user, $request->validated())
             );
         } catch (Throwable $e) {
             return response()->json(['message' => $e->getMessage()], 422);

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Attendance/TeacherAttendanceApiController.php

@@ -33,10 +33,15 @@ class TeacherAttendanceApiController extends Controller
 
     public function form(Request $request): JsonResponse|TeacherAttendanceFormResource
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         try {
             return new TeacherAttendanceFormResource(
                 $this->queryService->teacherAttendanceFormData(
-                    auth()->id(),
+                    $guard,
                     (int)$request->query('class_section_id', 0)
                 )
             );
@@ -47,12 +52,30 @@ class TeacherAttendanceApiController extends Controller
 
     public function submit(TeacherSubmitAttendanceRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $user = auth()->user();
+        if ($user === null) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
         try {
             return response()->json(
-                $this->attendanceService->submitTeacherAttendance(auth()->user(), $request->validated())
+                $this->attendanceService->submitTeacherAttendance($user, $request->validated())
             );
         } catch (Throwable $e) {
             return response()->json(['message' => $e->getMessage()], 422);
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Auth/AuthController.php

@@ -2,69 +2,83 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Auth;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Models\User;
+use App\Services\Auth\ApiLoginSecurityService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
-use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
 use PHPOpenSourceSaver\JWTAuth\Facades\JWTAuth;
 
 class AuthController extends BaseApiController
 {
-    public function login(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    public function login(Request $request, ApiLoginSecurityService $security): JsonResponse
     {
-        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
-            'email' => ['required', 'email'],
-            'password' => ['required', 'string'],
-        ]);
-
-        if ($validator->fails()) {
-            return $this->respondValidationError($validator->errors()->toArray());
+        $payload = $request->all();
+        if ($request->isJson() && ($payload === [] || $payload === null)) {
+            $decoded = json_decode((string) $request->getContent(), true);
+            $payload = is_array($decoded) ? $decoded : [];
         }
 
-        $email = (string) $request->input('email');
-        $password = (string) $request->input('password');
+        // Match CodeIgniter apiLogin: raw email/password (no trim); empty check is identical to CI `!$email || !$password`.
+        $email = (string) ($payload['email'] ?? '');
+        $password = (string) ($payload['password'] ?? '');
+
+        if ($email === '' || $password === '') {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Email and password are required.',
+            ], 400);
+        }
+
+        $ip = $request->ip();
+        if ($security->isIpBlocked((string) $ip)) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Too many failed attempts from your IP. Please try again later.',
+            ], 429);
+        }
 
         $user = User::query()->where('email', $email)->first();
-        if (!$user || !ci_password_verify($password, (string) $user->password)) {
-            return $this->respondError('Invalid credentials.', 401);
+        if (!$user) {
+            $security->logIpAttempt((string) $ip);
+
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Invalid email or password.',
+            ], 401);
         }
 
-        if ((int) ($user->is_verified ?? 0) !== 1) {
-            return $this->respondError('Account not verified.', 403);
+        if ($user->is_suspended) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Account suspended. Please reset your password.',
+            ], 403);
         }
 
-        if (strcasecmp((string) ($user->status ?? ''), 'Active') !== 0) {
-            return $this->respondError('Account is inactive.', 403);
+        if (! ci_password_verify($password, (string) $user->password)) {
+            $security->handleFailedLogin($user, $email, (string) $ip);
+
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Invalid email or password.',
+            ], 401);
         }
 
-        $jwtToken = JWTAuth::fromUser($user);
-        $sanctumToken = $user->createToken('api')->plainTextToken;
-        $roles = $user->roles()
-            ->where('roles.is_active', 1)
-            ->pluck('roles.name')
-            ->values()
-            ->all();
+        $security->resetFailedAttempts($user);
+        $security->logSuccessfulLogin($user->fresh(), $request);
 
-        return $this->respondSuccess([
-            'user' => [
-                'id' => (int) $user->id,
-                'firstname' => $user->firstname,
-                'lastname' => $user->lastname,
-                'email' => $user->email,
-                'roles' => $roles,
-            ],
-            'jwt' => [
-                'access_token' => $jwtToken,
-                'token_type' => 'bearer',
-                'expires_in' => (int) config('jwt.ttl') * 60,
-            ],
-            'sanctum' => [
-                'access_token' => $sanctumToken,
-                'token_type' => 'bearer',
-            ],
-        ], 'Authenticated.');
+        $fresh = $user->fresh();
+        if (!$fresh) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Invalid email or password.',
+            ], 401);
+        }
+
+        $jwtToken = JWTAuth::fromUser($fresh);
+
+        return response()->json($security->buildLoginResponse($fresh, $jwtToken));
     }
 
     public function refresh(Request $request): JsonResponse

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Auth/AuthSessionController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Auth;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Http\Requests\Auth\LoginSessionRequest;
+use App\Http\Requests\Auth\SetRoleSessionRequest;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Services\ApplicationUrlService;
+use App\Services\Auth\ApiLoginSecurityService;
+use App\Services\Auth\AuthSessionService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
+
+/**
+ * Session (cookie) endpoints for SPA — JSON alongside JWT on /api/login.
+ *
+ * Routes: GET login, POST user/login, GET logout, GET select-role, POST set-role (registered on web middleware).
+ */
+class AuthSessionController extends Controller
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private ApiLoginSecurityService $security,
+        private AuthSessionService $sessionAuth,
+        private ApplicationUrlService $urls,
+    ) {}
+
+    /**
+     * CI `loginMask` — login page bootstrap / redirect when already authenticated.
+     */
+    public function loginMask(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $redirectTo = $this->sessionAuth->sanitizeRedirectTarget(
+            (string) ($request->query('redirect_to') ?? ''),
+        );
+
+        if (! Auth::guard('web')->check()) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => true,
+                'authenticated' => false,
+                'redirect_to' => $redirectTo,
+            ]);
+        }
+
+        /** @var list<string>|null $roles */
+        $roles = session('roles');
+        $roles = is_array($roles) ? array_values(array_filter(array_map('strval', $roles))) : [];
+        $currentRole = session('role');
+
+        if ($roles !== [] && count($roles) > 1 && ! $currentRole) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => true,
+                'authenticated' => true,
+                'next_url' => $this->urls->webSelectRoleUrl(false),
+                'roles' => $roles,
+                'pending_redirect' => session('post_login_redirect'),
+            ]);
+        }
+
+        if ($redirectTo !== null) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => true,
+                'authenticated' => true,
+                'next_url' => $redirectTo,
+            ]);
+        }
+
+        $pick = $currentRole !== null && $currentRole !== ''
+            ? [(string) $currentRole]
+            : $roles;
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => true,
+            'authenticated' => true,
+            'next_url' => $this->sessionAuth->dashboardRouteForRoles($pick),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CI `login` — POST /user/login.
+     */
+    public function login(LoginSessionRequest $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $email = (string) $request->validated('email');
+        $password = (string) $request->validated('password');
+        $redirectRaw = $request->validated('redirect_to');
+        $sanitizedRedirect = $redirectRaw !== null
+            ? $this->sessionAuth->sanitizeRedirectTarget((string) $redirectRaw)
+            : null;
+
+        $ip = (string) $request->ip();
+
+        if ($this->security->isIpBlocked($ip)) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Too many failed attempts from your IP. Please try again later.',
+            ], 429);
+        }
+
+        $user = User::query()->where('email', $email)->first();
+
+        if (! $user) {
+            $this->security->logIpAttempt($ip);
+
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'The email and password combination you entered is invalid. Please try again.',
+            ], 401);
+        }
+
+        if ($user->is_suspended) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Account suspended. Please check your email to reset your password.',
+            ], 403);
+        }
+
+        if (! ci_password_verify($password, (string) $user->password)) {
+            $this->security->handleFailedLogin($user, $email, $ip);
+
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'The email and password combination you entered is invalid. Please try again.',
+            ], 401);
+        }
+
+        $fresh = $user->fresh();
+        if (! $fresh) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'The email and password combination you entered is invalid. Please try again.',
+            ], 401);
+        }
+
+        $this->security->resetFailedAttempts($fresh);
+        $this->security->logSuccessfulLogin($fresh, $request);
+
+        $dest = $this->sessionAuth->resolvePostLoginDestination($fresh, $sanitizedRedirect);
+
+        if (($dest['kind'] ?? '') === 'no_roles') {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => (string) ($dest['reason'] ?? 'Role not assigned. Please contact support.'),
+            ], 403);
+        }
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => true,
+            'requires_role_selection' => ($dest['kind'] ?? '') === 'select_role',
+            'roles' => $dest['roles'] ?? null,
+            'next_url' => $dest['redirect_url'] ?? $this->urls->docsHomeUrl(false),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CI `logout` — GET /logout.
+     */
+    public function logout(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = Auth::guard('web')->id();
+        $email = Auth::guard('web')->user()?->email ?? session('user_email');
+
+        $this->sessionAuth->logLogout($userId ? (int) $userId : null, $email ? (string) $email : null);
+
+        Auth::guard('web')->logout();
+
+        $request->session()->invalidate();
+        $request->session()->regenerateToken();
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => true,
+            'next_url' => $this->urls->docsHomeUrl(false),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CI `selectRole` — GET /select-role.
+     */
+    public function selectRole(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        if (! Auth::guard('web')->check()) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'No roles available.',
+            ], 401);
+        }
+
+        /** @var list<string>|null $roles */
+        $roles = session('roles');
+        $roles = is_array($roles) ? array_values(array_filter(array_map('strval', $roles))) : [];
+
+        if ($roles === []) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'No roles available.',
+            ], 422);
+        }
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => true,
+            'roles' => $roles,
+            'pending_redirect' => session('post_login_redirect'),
+            'redirect_to_query' => $this->sessionAuth->sanitizeRedirectTarget(
+                (string) ($request->query('redirect_to') ?? ''),
+            ),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CI `setRole` — POST /set-role.
+     */
+    public function setRole(SetRoleSessionRequest $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        if (! Auth::guard('web')->check()) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Unauthorized.',
+            ], 401);
+        }
+
+        $selectedRole = (string) $request->validated('selected_role');
+
+        /** @var list<string>|null $available */
+        $available = session('roles');
+        $available = is_array($available) ? array_values(array_filter(array_map('strval', $available))) : [];
+
+        if ($available === [] || ! in_array($selectedRole, $available, true)) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Invalid role selected.',
+            ], 422);
+        }
+
+        $redirectRaw = $request->validated('redirect_to');
+        $redirectTo = $redirectRaw !== null
+            ? $this->sessionAuth->sanitizeRedirectTarget((string) $redirectRaw)
+            : null;
+
+        if ($redirectTo === null) {
+            $redirectTo = $this->sessionAuth->sanitizeRedirectTarget(
+                (string) (session('post_login_redirect') ?? ''),
+            );
+        }
+
+        session(['role' => $selectedRole]);
+        session()->forget('post_login_redirect');
+
+        $next = $redirectTo ?? $this->sessionAuth->dashboardRouteForRoles([$selectedRole]);
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => true,
+            'role' => $selectedRole,
+            'next_url' => $next,
+        ]);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Auth/IpBanController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Auth;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Security\IpBanIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Security\IpBanRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Security\IpUnbanRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Auth/RegisterController.php

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Auth;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Resources\Auth\RegisterResource;
+use App\Services\Auth\CodeIgniterApiRegistrationService;
 use App\Services\Auth\RegistrationCaptchaService;
 use App\Services\Auth\RegistrationService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
@@ -31,6 +32,11 @@ class RegisterController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        // CodeIgniter-style JSON register (POST api/v1/register): password + no captcha field.
+        if (! $request->has('captcha') && $request->filled('password')) {
+            return app(CodeIgniterApiRegistrationService::class)->registerResponse($request);
+        }
+
         if (app()->runningUnitTests() && $request->header('X-Debug-Request') === '1') {
             return response()->json([
                 'ok' => true,

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Auth/RolePermissionController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Auth;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Requests\Roles\AssignUserRolesRequest;
+use App\Http\Requests\Roles\PermissionStoreRequest;
+use App\Http\Requests\Roles\PermissionUpdateRequest;
+use App\Http\Requests\Roles\RoleListRequest;
+use App\Http\Requests\Roles\RolePermissionUpdateRequest;
+use App\Http\Requests\Roles\RoleStoreRequest;
+use App\Http\Requests\Roles\RoleUpdateRequest;
+use App\Http\Requests\Roles\UserRoleListRequest;
+use App\Http\Resources\Roles\PermissionResource;
+use App\Http\Resources\Roles\RolePermissionResource;
+use App\Http\Resources\Roles\RoleResource;
+use App\Http\Resources\Roles\UserWithRolesResource;
+use App\Models\Permission;
+use App\Models\Role;
+use App\Services\Roles\PermissionCrudService;
+use App\Services\Roles\RoleAssignmentService;
+use App\Services\Roles\RoleCrudService;
+use App\Services\Roles\RolePermissionService;
+use App\Services\Roles\RoleQueryService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+class RolePermissionController extends BaseApiController
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private RoleQueryService $queryService,
+        private RoleAssignmentService $assignmentService,
+        private RolePermissionService $permissionService,
+        private RoleCrudService $roleCrudService,
+        private PermissionCrudService $permissionCrudService
+    ) {
+        parent::__construct();
+    }
+
+    public function roles(RoleListRequest $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $roles = $this->queryService->listRoles($request->validated());
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'roles' => RoleResource::collection($roles->items()),
+            'meta' => [
+                'total' => $roles->total(),
+                'per_page' => $roles->perPage(),
+                'current_page' => $roles->currentPage(),
+                'last_page' => $roles->lastPage(),
+            ],
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function showRole(int $roleId): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $role = Role::query()->find($roleId);
+        if (!$role) {
+            return $this->error('Role not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'role' => new RoleResource($role),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function storeRole(RoleStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        try {
+            $role = $this->roleCrudService->create($request->validated());
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('Role store failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
+            return $this->error('Failed to create role.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'role' => new RoleResource($role),
+        ], 'Role created successfully.', Response::HTTP_CREATED);
+    }
+
+    public function updateRole(RoleUpdateRequest $request, int $roleId): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $role = Role::query()->find($roleId);
+        if (!$role) {
+            return $this->error('Role not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $role = $this->roleCrudService->update($role, $request->validated());
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('Role update failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
+            return $this->error('Failed to update role.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'role' => new RoleResource($role),
+        ], 'Role updated successfully.');
+    }
+
+    public function deleteRole(int $roleId): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $role = Role::query()->find($roleId);
+        if (!$role) {
+            return $this->error('Role not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $this->roleCrudService->delete($role);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('Role delete failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
+            return $this->error('Failed to delete role.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success(null, 'Role deleted successfully.');
+    }
+
+    public function users(UserRoleListRequest $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $users = $this->queryService->listUsersWithRoles($request->validated());
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'users' => UserWithRolesResource::collection($users->items()),
+            'meta' => [
+                'total' => $users->total(),
+                'per_page' => $users->perPage(),
+                'current_page' => $users->currentPage(),
+                'last_page' => $users->lastPage(),
+            ],
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function assignRoles(AssignUserRolesRequest $request, int $userId): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $actorId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($actorId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $actorId;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $result = $this->assignmentService->assignRoles(
+                $userId,
+                (array) ($request->validated()['role_ids'] ?? []),
+                $actorId
+            );
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('Assign roles failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
+            return $this->error('Failed to update roles.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+        }
+
+        if (!($result['ok'] ?? false)) {
+            return $this->error($result['message'] ?? 'Failed to update roles.', Response::HTTP_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'role_names' => $result['role_names'] ?? [],
+        ], 'Roles updated successfully.');
+    }
+
+    public function permissions(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $permissions = $this->permissionService->listPermissions();
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'permissions' => PermissionResource::collection($permissions),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function showPermission(int $permissionId): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $permission = Permission::query()->find($permissionId);
+        if (!$permission) {
+            return $this->error('Permission not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'permission' => new PermissionResource($permission),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function storePermission(PermissionStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        try {
+            $permission = $this->permissionCrudService->create($request->validated());
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('Permission store failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
+            return $this->error('Failed to create permission.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'permission' => new PermissionResource($permission),
+        ], 'Permission created successfully.', Response::HTTP_CREATED);
+    }
+
+    public function updatePermission(PermissionUpdateRequest $request, int $permissionId): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $permission = Permission::query()->find($permissionId);
+        if (!$permission) {
+            return $this->error('Permission not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $permission = $this->permissionCrudService->update($permission, $request->validated());
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('Permission update failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
+            return $this->error('Failed to update permission.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'permission' => new PermissionResource($permission),
+        ], 'Permission updated successfully.');
+    }
+
+    public function deletePermission(int $permissionId): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $permission = Permission::query()->find($permissionId);
+        if (!$permission) {
+            return $this->error('Permission not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $this->permissionCrudService->delete($permission);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('Permission delete failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
+            return $this->error('Failed to delete permission.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success(null, 'Permission deleted successfully.');
+    }
+
+    public function rolePermissions(int $roleId): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $rows = $this->permissionService->listRolePermissions($roleId);
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'permissions' => RolePermissionResource::collection($rows),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function updateRolePermissions(RolePermissionUpdateRequest $request, int $roleId): JsonResponse
+    {
+        try {
+            $this->permissionService->saveRolePermissions($roleId, $request->validated()['permissions'] ?? []);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('Role permissions update failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
+            return $this->error('Failed to update role permissions.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success(null, 'Permissions saved successfully.');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Auth/RoleSwitcherController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Auth;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Requests\Roles\RoleSwitchRequest;
+use App\Services\Roles\RoleSwitchService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+class RoleSwitcherController extends BaseApiController
+{
+    public function __construct(private RoleSwitchService $switchService)
+    {
+        parent::__construct();
+    }
+
+    public function index(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $roles = $this->switchService->getUserRoleNames($guard);
+        if (empty($roles)) {
+            return $this->error('No roles assigned to this user.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'roles' => $roles,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function switch(RoleSwitchRequest $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $role = (string) $request->validated()['role'];
+        $route = $this->switchService->switchRole($role);
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'role' => $role,
+            'dashboard_route' => $route,
+        ], 'Role switched successfully.');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Please log in first.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Auth/SessionTimeoutController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Auth;
+
+use App\Config\SessionTimeout;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Services\ApplicationUrlService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
+
+/**
+ * Session idle timeout checks (web session cookie).
+ */
+class SessionTimeoutController extends Controller
+{
+    /** CI-compatible session key */
+    private const SESSION_KEY = 'last_activity';
+
+    public function __construct(
+        private ApplicationUrlService $urls,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CI nested routes: SessionController::getTimeoutConfig shape (URLs point at this app).
+     */
+    public function getTimeoutConfig(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return response()->json([
+            'success' => true,
+            'timeout' => SessionTimeout::TIMEOUT_DURATION,
+            'warning_time' => SessionTimeout::WARNING_THRESHOLD,
+            'check_interval' => SessionTimeout::CHECK_INTERVAL,
+            'logout_url' => $this->urls->webLogoutUrl(),
+            'keep_alive_url' => $this->urls->webSessionPingUrl(),
+            'check_url' => $this->urls->webSessionCheckTimeoutUrl(),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function checkTimeout(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $session = $request->session();
+
+        if (! $session->has(self::SESSION_KEY)) {
+            return $this->expireSession($request);
+        }
+
+        $lastActivity = (int) $session->get(self::SESSION_KEY);
+        $elapsed = time() - $lastActivity;
+
+        if ($elapsed > SessionTimeout::TIMEOUT_DURATION) {
+            return $this->expireSession($request);
+        }
+
+        if ($elapsed > SessionTimeout::WARNING_THRESHOLD) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => 'warning',
+                'time_remaining' => SessionTimeout::TIMEOUT_DURATION - $elapsed,
+            ]);
+        }
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => 'active',
+            'time_remaining' => SessionTimeout::TIMEOUT_DURATION - $elapsed,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function pingActivity(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $session = $request->session();
+
+        if (! $session->has(self::SESSION_KEY)
+            || (time() - (int) $session->get(self::SESSION_KEY)) > SessionTimeout::TIMEOUT_DURATION) {
+            return $this->expireSession($request);
+        }
+
+        $session->put(self::SESSION_KEY, time());
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => 'active',
+            'time_remaining' => SessionTimeout::TIMEOUT_DURATION,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    private function expireSession(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $request->session()->flash('error', 'Your session has expired due to inactivity.');
+        $request->session()->forget(self::SESSION_KEY);
+
+        Auth::guard('web')->logout();
+
+        $request->session()->invalidate();
+        $request->session()->regenerateToken();
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => 'expired',
+            'redirect' => $this->urls->webLoginUrl(),
+            'message' => 'Your session has expired due to inactivity.',
+        ]);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/BadgeScan/BadgeScanController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\BadgeScan;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
+use App\Services\BadgeScan\BadgeScanService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+class BadgeScanController extends BaseApiController
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private BadgeScanService $badgeScan,
+    ) {
+        parent::__construct();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Public kiosk endpoint — POST JSON or form (legacy CI RFIDController::process).
+     */
+    public function scan(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
+            'badge_scan' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255'],
+        ]);
+
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            return $this->respondValidationError($validator->errors()->toArray());
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->badgeScan->processScan($validator->validated()['badge_scan']);
+
+        if (! $result['recognized']) {
+            return $this->error($result['message'], Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success([
+            'recognized' => true,
+            'user_id' => $result['user_id'] ?? null,
+            'display_name' => $result['display_name'] ?? null,
+        ], $result['message']);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Authenticated scan log listing (legacy CI RFIDController::log).
+     */
+    public function logs(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return $this->success([
+            'logs' => $this->badgeScan->scanLogRows(),
+        ]);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Badges/BadgeController.php

@@ -22,14 +22,30 @@ class BadgeController extends Controller
 
     public function generatePdf(Request $request)
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
-            'user_ids' => ['required', 'array', 'min:1'],
-            'user_ids.*' => ['integer', 'min:1'],
+            'user_ids' => ['nullable', 'array'],
+            'user_ids.*' => ['integer', 'exists:users,id'],
+            'student_ids' => ['nullable', 'array'],
+            'student_ids.*' => ['integer', 'exists:students,id'],
             'school_year' => ['nullable', 'string', 'max:50'],
             'roles' => ['nullable', 'array'],
             'classes' => ['nullable', 'array'],
         ]);
 
+        $validator->after(function ($validator): void {
+            $data = $validator->getData();
+            $users = array_values(array_filter((array) ($data['user_ids'] ?? []), static fn ($v) => (int) $v > 0));
+            $students = array_values(array_filter((array) ($data['student_ids'] ?? []), static fn ($v) => (int) $v > 0));
+            if ($users === [] && $students === []) {
+                $validator->errors()->add('user_ids', 'Provide at least one user id or student id.');
+            }
+        });
+
         if ($validator->fails()) {
             return response()->json([
                 'message' => 'Validation failed.',
@@ -40,11 +56,12 @@ class BadgeController extends Controller
         $data = $validator->validated();
 
         return $this->badgePdfService->generate(
+            studentIds: $data['student_ids'] ?? [],
             userIds: $data['user_ids'] ?? [],
             schoolYear: $data['school_year'] ?? null,
             rolesMap: $data['roles'] ?? [],
             classesMap: $data['classes'] ?? [],
-            actorId: optional($request->user())->id
+            actorId: $guard
         );
     }
 
@@ -54,7 +71,7 @@ class BadgeController extends Controller
             return response()->json([
                 'ok' => true,
                 'data' => $this->badgePrintLogService->getStatus(
-                    $this->parseUserIds($request),
+                    $this->parseCombinedBadgeIds($request),
                     $request->input('school_year')
                 ),
             ]);
@@ -69,14 +86,30 @@ class BadgeController extends Controller
     public function logPrint(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         try {
+            $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+            if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+                return $guard;
+            }
+
             $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
-                'user_ids' => ['required', 'array', 'min:1'],
-                'user_ids.*' => ['integer', 'min:1'],
+                'user_ids' => ['nullable', 'array'],
+                'user_ids.*' => ['integer', 'exists:users,id'],
+                'student_ids' => ['nullable', 'array'],
+                'student_ids.*' => ['integer', 'exists:students,id'],
                 'school_year' => ['nullable', 'string', 'max:50'],
                 'roles' => ['nullable', 'array'],
                 'classes' => ['nullable', 'array'],
             ]);
 
+            $validator->after(function ($validator): void {
+                $data = $validator->getData();
+                $users = array_values(array_filter((array) ($data['user_ids'] ?? []), static fn ($v) => (int) $v > 0));
+                $students = array_values(array_filter((array) ($data['student_ids'] ?? []), static fn ($v) => (int) $v > 0));
+                if ($users === [] && $students === []) {
+                    $validator->errors()->add('user_ids', 'Provide at least one user id or student id.');
+                }
+            });
+
             if ($validator->fails()) {
                 return response()->json([
                     'message' => 'Validation failed.',
@@ -87,8 +120,11 @@ class BadgeController extends Controller
             $data = $validator->validated();
 
             $inserted = $this->badgePrintLogService->log(
-                userIds: $data['user_ids'] ?? [],
-                actorId: optional($request->user())->id,
+                userIds: array_values(array_unique(array_merge(
+                    $data['user_ids'] ?? [],
+                    $data['student_ids'] ?? []
+                ))),
+                actorId: $guard,
                 schoolYear: $data['school_year'] ?? null,
                 rolesMap: $data['roles'] ?? [],
                 classesMap: $data['classes'] ?? []
@@ -112,24 +148,75 @@ class BadgeController extends Controller
             'ok' => true,
             'data' => $this->badgeFormDataService->build(
                 schoolYear: $request->input('school_year'),
-                selectedUserIds: $this->parseUserIds($request),
+                selectedUserIds: $this->parseStaffUserIds($request),
                 activeRole: $request->input('active_role')
             ),
         ]);
     }
 
-    private function parseUserIds(Request $request): array
+    /**
+     * Staff user IDs for the badge picker (`users.id`).
+     *
+     * @return int[]
+     */
+    private function parseStaffUserIds(Request $request): array
     {
-        $userIds = $request->input('user_ids', $request->query('user_ids', []));
+        $ids = $request->input('user_ids', $request->query('user_ids', []));
 
-        if (is_string($userIds)) {
-            $userIds = array_filter(array_map('trim', explode(',', $userIds)), 'strlen');
-        } elseif (!is_array($userIds)) {
-            $userIds = $userIds ? [$userIds] : [];
+        if (is_string($ids)) {
+            $ids = array_filter(array_map('trim', explode(',', $ids)), 'strlen');
+        } elseif (!is_array($ids)) {
+            $ids = $ids ? [$ids] : [];
         }
 
-        $userIds = array_values(array_unique(array_map(static fn ($v) => (int) $v, $userIds)));
+        $ids = array_values(array_unique(array_map(static fn ($v) => (int) $v, $ids)));
 
-        return array_values(array_filter($userIds, static fn ($v) => $v > 0));
+        return array_values(array_filter($ids, static fn ($v) => $v > 0));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Combined `users.id` and `students.id` for print-status (same numeric space as stored in logs).
+     *
+     * @return int[]
+     */
+    private function parseCombinedBadgeIds(Request $request): array
+    {
+        return array_values(array_unique(array_merge(
+            $this->parseStaffUserIds($request),
+            $this->parseStudentIds($request)
+        )));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Student primary keys (`students.id`) from query or body.
+     *
+     * @return int[]
+     */
+    private function parseStudentIds(Request $request): array
+    {
+        $ids = $request->input('student_ids', $request->query('student_ids', []));
+
+        if (is_string($ids)) {
+            $ids = array_filter(array_map('trim', explode(',', $ids)), 'strlen');
+        } elseif (!is_array($ids)) {
+            $ids = $ids ? [$ids] : [];
+        }
+
+        $ids = array_values(array_unique(array_map(static fn ($v) => (int) $v, $ids)));
+
+        return array_values(array_filter($ids, static fn ($v) => $v > 0));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
     }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/ClassPreparation/ClassPreparationController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\ClassPreparation;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\ClassPreparation\ClassPreparationAdjustmentRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\ClassPreparation\ClassPreparationIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\ClassPreparation\ClassPreparationMarkPrintedRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/ClassProgress/ClassProgressController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\ClassProgress;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\ClassProgress\ClassProgressIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\ClassProgress\ClassProgressMetaRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\ClassProgress\ClassProgressStoreRequest;
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ use App\Http\Resources\ClassProgress\ClassProgressReportResource;
 use App\Http\Resources\ClassProgress\ClassProgressShowResource;
 use App\Models\ClassProgressAttachment;
 use App\Models\ClassProgressReport;
+use App\Models\User;
 use App\Services\ClassProgress\ClassProgressAttachmentService;
 use App\Services\ClassProgress\ClassProgressMetaService;
 use App\Services\ClassProgress\ClassProgressMutationService;
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ use App\Services\ClassProgress\ClassProgressQueryService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
 use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\BinaryFileResponse;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
 
 class ClassProgressController extends BaseApiController
 {
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ class ClassProgressController extends BaseApiController
         $payload = [
             'subject_sections' => $this->metaService->subjectSections(),
             'status_options' => $this->metaService->statusOptions(),
-            'sunday_options' => $this->metaService->sundayOptions($sundayCount),
+            'sunday_options' => $this->metaService->sundayOptionsAlignedWithCi($sundayCount),
             'curriculum' => $this->metaService->curriculumOptions($classId ? (int) $classId : null),
         ];
 
@@ -49,8 +51,13 @@ class ClassProgressController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function index(ClassProgressIndexRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $auth = $this->requireAuthenticatedUser($request->user());
+        if ($auth instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $auth;
+        }
+
         $filters = $request->validated();
-        $paginator = $this->queryService->listReports($request->user(), $filters);
+        $paginator = $this->queryService->listReports($auth, $filters);
 
         if (!empty($filters['group_by_week'])) {
             $grouped = ClassProgressGroupCollection::fromPaginator($paginator);
@@ -70,10 +77,23 @@ class ClassProgressController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(ClassProgressStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $auth = $this->requireAuthenticatedUser($request->user());
+        if ($auth instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $auth;
+        }
+
         try {
             $filesBySubject = $request->filesBySubject();
-            $reports = $this->mutationService->createReports($request->user(), $request->validated(), $filesBySubject);
+            $reports = $this->mutationService->createReports($auth, $request->validated(), $filesBySubject);
         } catch (\InvalidArgumentException $e) {
+            if ($e->getMessage() === 'CONFIRM_OVERWRITE') {
+                return response()->json([
+                    'status' => false,
+                    'message' => 'A progress report already exists for this week. Resubmit with confirm_overwrite=true to replace it.',
+                    'data' => ['requires_confirmation' => true],
+                ], 409);
+            }
+
             return $this->respondError($e->getMessage(), 422);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('Failed to create class progress reports.', [
@@ -87,7 +107,12 @@ class ClassProgressController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function show(ClassProgressReport $class_progress): JsonResponse
     {
-        $weeklyReports = $this->queryService->weeklyReports($this->laravelRequest->user(), $class_progress);
+        $auth = $this->requireAuthenticatedUser($this->laravelRequest->user());
+        if ($auth instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $auth;
+        }
+
+        $weeklyReports = $this->queryService->weeklyReports($auth, $class_progress);
 
         return $this->respondSuccess(
             new ClassProgressShowResource([
@@ -164,4 +189,17 @@ class ClassProgressController extends BaseApiController
 
         return response()->download($path, basename($path));
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @param  mixed  $user
+     * @return User|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function requireAuthenticatedUser($user): User|JsonResponse
+    {
+        if (!$user instanceof User) {
+            return $this->respondError('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $user;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Classes/ClassController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Classes;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Classes\ClassSectionIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Classes\ClassSectionStoreRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Classes\ClassSectionUpdateRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Communication/CommunicationController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Communication;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Services\Communication\CommunicationFamilyService;
 use App\Services\Communication\CommunicationPreviewService;
 use App\Services\Communication\CommunicationSendService;
@@ -123,6 +123,11 @@ class CommunicationController extends BaseApiController
             ], 404);
         }
 
+        $senderId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($senderId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $senderId;
+        }
+
         $result = $this->sendService->send([
             'student_id' => $studentId,
             'family_id' => $familyId,
@@ -133,7 +138,7 @@ class CommunicationController extends BaseApiController
             'cc' => $cc,
             'bcc' => $bcc,
             'student_name' => trim(($student['firstname'] ?? '') . ' ' . ($student['lastname'] ?? '')),
-            'sent_by' => (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0),
+            'sent_by' => $senderId,
         ]);
 
         if (!$result['ok']) {
@@ -175,4 +180,17 @@ class CommunicationController extends BaseApiController
         }
         return 'Teacher';
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/CompetitionScores/CompetitionScoresController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\CompetitionScores;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Models\Competition;
 use App\Services\CompetitionScores\CompetitionScoresContextService;
 use App\Services\CompetitionScores\CompetitionScoresQueryService;
@@ -33,8 +33,12 @@ class CompetitionScoresController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function index(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        [$assignments, $schoolYear, $semester] = $this->contextService->getTeacherContext($userId);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        [$assignments, $schoolYear, $semester] = $this->contextService->getTeacherContext($guard);
 
         $activeClassId = $this->contextService->resolveActiveClassId(
             $assignments,
@@ -80,8 +84,12 @@ class CompetitionScoresController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function edit(Request $request, int $id): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        [$assignments, $schoolYear, $semester] = $this->contextService->getTeacherContext($userId);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        [$assignments, $schoolYear, $semester] = $this->contextService->getTeacherContext($guard);
         $allowedClassIds = $this->contextService->getAllowedClassIds($assignments);
 
         if (empty($allowedClassIds)) {
@@ -146,8 +154,12 @@ class CompetitionScoresController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function save(Request $request, int $id): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        [$assignments] = $this->contextService->getTeacherContext($userId);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        [$assignments] = $this->contextService->getTeacherContext($guard);
         $allowedClassIds = $this->contextService->getAllowedClassIds($assignments);
 
         if (empty($allowedClassIds)) {
@@ -209,4 +221,17 @@ class CompetitionScoresController extends BaseApiController
             'savedCount' => count($cleanScores),
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Core/BaseApiController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Validator as ValidatorContract;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder as EloquentBuilder;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+class BaseApiController extends Controller
+{
+    protected Request $laravelRequest;
+    protected CiRequestAdapter $request;
+    protected ValidatorContract|null $validator = null;
+
+    public function __construct()
+    {
+        $this->laravelRequest = request();
+        $this->request = new CiRequestAdapter($this->laravelRequest);
+    }
+
+    protected function success($data = null, string $message = 'Success', int $code = Response::HTTP_OK): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return response()->json([
+            'status'  => true,
+            'message' => $message,
+            'data'    => $data,
+        ], $code);
+    }
+
+    protected function error(string $message = 'An error occurred', int $code = Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, ?array $errors = null): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $payload = [
+            'status'  => false,
+            'message' => $message,
+        ];
+        if (!empty($errors)) {
+            $payload['errors'] = $errors;
+        }
+
+        return response()->json($payload, $code);
+    }
+
+    protected function respondSuccess($data = null, string $message = 'Success', int $code = Response::HTTP_OK): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return $this->success($data, $message, $code);
+    }
+
+    protected function respondCreated($data = null, string $message = 'Resource created successfully'): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return $this->success($data, $message, Response::HTTP_CREATED);
+    }
+
+    protected function respondDeleted($data = null, string $message = 'Resource deleted successfully'): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return $this->success($data, $message, Response::HTTP_OK);
+    }
+
+    protected function respondError(string $message = 'An error occurred', int $code = Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return $this->error($message, $code);
+    }
+
+    protected function respondValidationError(array $errors, string $message = 'Validation failed'): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return $this->error($message, Response::HTTP_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY, $errors);
+    }
+
+    protected function validateRequest(array $data, array $rules): array
+    {
+        $normalized = [];
+        foreach ($rules as $field => $ruleSet) {
+            $normalized[$field] = $this->normalizeRules($ruleSet);
+        }
+
+        $validator = Validator::make($data, $normalized);
+        $this->validator = $validator;
+
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            return $validator->errors()->toArray();
+        }
+
+        return [];
+    }
+
+    protected function validate(array $rules): bool
+    {
+        $payload = $this->payloadData();
+        $errors = $this->validateRequest($payload, $rules);
+        return empty($errors);
+    }
+
+    protected function payloadData(): array
+    {
+        $json = json_decode($this->laravelRequest->getContent() ?: '', true);
+        if (is_array($json)) {
+            return $json;
+        }
+        return array_merge($this->laravelRequest->query->all(), $this->laravelRequest->request->all());
+    }
+
+    protected function normalizeRules(array|string $ruleSet): array|string
+    {
+        if (is_array($ruleSet)) {
+            return $ruleSet;
+        }
+        $parts = explode('|', $ruleSet);
+        $result = [];
+        foreach ($parts as $part) {
+            $part = trim($part);
+            if ($part === '') {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/^max_length\\[(\\d+)\\]$/', $part, $m)) {
+                $result[] = 'max:' . $m[1];
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/^min_length\\[(\\d+)\\]$/', $part, $m)) {
+                $result[] = 'min:' . $m[1];
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/^in_list\\[(.+)\\]$/', $part, $m)) {
+                $result[] = 'in:' . $m[1];
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/^greater_than_equal_to\\[(.+)\\]$/', $part, $m)) {
+                $result[] = 'gte:' . $m[1];
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/^less_than_equal_to\\[(.+)\\]$/', $part, $m)) {
+                $result[] = 'lte:' . $m[1];
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/^valid_date\\[(.+)\\]$/', $part, $m)) {
+                $result[] = 'date_format:' . $m[1];
+                continue;
+            }
+            if ($part === 'valid_email') {
+                $result[] = 'email';
+                continue;
+            }
+            if ($part === 'permit_empty') {
+                $result[] = 'nullable';
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/^is_unique\\[([^\\.]+)\\.([^\\]]+)\\]$/', $part, $m)) {
+                $result[] = 'unique:' . $m[1] . ',' . $m[2];
+                continue;
+            }
+            if ($part === 'string') {
+                $result[] = 'string';
+                continue;
+            }
+            if ($part === 'integer') {
+                $result[] = 'integer';
+                continue;
+            }
+            if ($part === 'numeric') {
+                $result[] = 'numeric';
+                continue;
+            }
+            if ($part === 'required') {
+                $result[] = 'required';
+                continue;
+            }
+            if ($part === 'alpha_numeric') {
+                $result[] = 'alpha_num';
+                continue;
+            }
+            if ($part === 'in_array') {
+                $result[] = 'in_array';
+                continue;
+            }
+            if ($part === 'valid_url') {
+                $result[] = 'url';
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (strpos($part, 'max_size') === 0) {
+                $result[] = str_replace('max_size', 'max', $part);
+                continue;
+            }
+            $result[] = $part;
+        }
+
+        return $result;
+    }
+
+    protected function paginate($source, int $page = 1, int $perPage = 20): array
+    {
+        $page    = max(1, $page);
+        $perPage = max(1, $perPage);
+        $offset  = ($page - 1) * $perPage;
+
+        if ($source instanceof EloquentBuilder || $source instanceof \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder) {
+            $total = $source->toBase()->getCountForPagination();
+            $items = $source->offset($offset)->limit($perPage)->get()->toArray();
+        } elseif (is_array($source)) {
+            $total = count($source);
+            $items = array_slice($source, $offset, $perPage);
+        } else {
+            return [
+                'data' => [],
+                'pagination' => [
+                    'current_page' => $page,
+                    'per_page'     => $perPage,
+                    'total'        => 0,
+                    'total_pages'  => 0,
+                ],
+            ];
+        }
+
+        return [
+            'data' => array_values($items),
+            'pagination' => [
+                'current_page' => $page,
+                'per_page'     => $perPage,
+                'total'        => $total,
+                'total_pages'  => (int) ceil($total / $perPage),
+            ],
+        ];
+    }
+
+    protected function getCurrentUserId(): ?int
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        return $userId > 0 ? $userId : null;
+    }
+
+    protected function getCurrentUser(): ?object
+    {
+        $userId = $this->getCurrentUserId();
+        if (!$userId) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        $user = app(User::class);
+        $row = $user->find($userId);
+        if (!$row) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        $name = trim(($row['firstname'] ?? '') . ' ' . ($row['lastname'] ?? ''));
+        if ($name === '') {
+            $name = $row['email'] ?? 'User #' . $userId;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $roles = DB::table('user_roles ur')
+                ->select('LOWER(r.name) AS name')
+                ->join('roles r', 'r.id', '=', 'ur.role_id')
+                ->where('ur.user_id', $userId)
+                ->whereNull('ur.deleted_at')
+                ->pluck('name')
+                ->map(fn($name) => strtolower((string) $name))
+                ->unique()
+                ->values()
+                ->toArray();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('Unable to load user roles: ' . $e->getMessage());
+            $roles = [];
+        }
+
+        return (object) [
+            'id'    => (int) $userId,
+            'name'  => $name,
+            'email' => $row['email'] ?? null,
+            'roles' => $roles,
+        ];
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Core/CiRequestAdapter.php

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core;
+
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+
+class CiRequestAdapter
+{
+    public function __construct(protected Request $request)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function getGet(string $key = null, $default = null)
+    {
+        if ($key === null) {
+            return $this->request->query->all();
+        }
+        return $this->request->query->get($key, $default);
+    }
+
+    public function getPost(string $key = null, $default = null)
+    {
+        if ($key === null) {
+            return $this->request->request->all();
+        }
+        return $this->request->request->get($key, $default);
+    }
+
+    public function getJSON(bool $assoc = false)
+    {
+        $content = $this->request->getContent();
+        if ($content === '') {
+            return $assoc ? [] : null;
+        }
+        return json_decode($content, $assoc);
+    }
+
+    public function getVar(string $key, $default = null)
+    {
+        return $this->request->input($key, $default);
+    }
+
+    public function getHeader(string $key)
+    {
+        return $this->request->headers->get($key);
+    }
+
+    public function getHeaderLine(string $key)
+    {
+        return $this->request->header($key);
+    }
+
+    public function getFile(string $key)
+    {
+        return $this->request->file($key);
+    }
+
+    public function getRawInput(): string
+    {
+        return $this->request->getContent();
+    }
+
+    public function all(): array
+    {
+        return array_merge(
+            $this->request->query->all(),
+            $this->request->request->all(),
+            $this->request->json()->all()
+        );
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Discounts/DiscountController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Discounts;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Discounts\ApplyDiscountVoucherRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Discounts\StoreDiscountVoucherRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Discounts\UpdateDiscountVoucherRequest;
@@ -50,12 +50,17 @@ class DiscountController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function apply(ApplyDiscountVoucherRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $result = $this->applyService->applyVoucher(
             (int) $payload['voucher_id'],
             $payload['parent_ids'],
             (bool) ($payload['allow_additional'] ?? false),
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $guard
         );
 
         return response()->json($result, $result['ok'] ? 200 : 422);
@@ -104,4 +109,17 @@ class DiscountController extends BaseApiController
             'ok' => true,
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Documentation/ApiDocsAdminController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Documentation;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Services\Docs\ApiDocsService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
+
+/**
+ * Authenticated API explorer bootstrap + public read-only variant.
+ */
+class ApiDocsAdminController extends Controller
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private ApiDocsService $apiDocs,
+    ) {}
+
+    public function index(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return response()->json(
+            $this->apiDocs->bootstrap(Auth::user(), false),
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function public(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return response()->json(
+            $this->apiDocs->bootstrap(null, true),
+        );
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Documentation/DocsCatalogController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Documentation;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Services\Docs\DocsCatalogService;
+use App\Services\Docs\OpenApiRouteExporter;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\View\View;
+
+/**
+ * Docs hub + multi-spec Swagger catalog (JSON for SPA).
+ */
+class DocsCatalogController extends Controller
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private DocsCatalogService $catalog,
+    ) {}
+
+    public function index(Request $request)
+    {
+        if (! $request->expectsJson()) {
+            return redirect()->to((string) config('docs.client_url', url('/docs')));
+        }
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => true,
+            'data' => $this->catalog->indexPayload(),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function ui(): View
+    {
+        return view('docs.swagger');
+    }
+
+    public function swagger(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => true,
+            'data' => $this->catalog->swaggerSpecsPayload(),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Merged OpenAPI spec (static openapi.json + live route merge).
+     */
+    public function swaggerMergedJson(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $path = resource_path('docs/openapi.json');
+        abort_unless(is_file($path), 404);
+
+        $spec = app(OpenApiRouteExporter::class)->exportFromFile($path);
+
+        return response()->json($spec, 200, [
+            'Content-Type' => 'application/json',
+            'Cache-Control' => 'no-store, max-age=0',
+        ]);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Email/BroadcastEmailController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Email;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Services\BroadcastEmail\BroadcastEmailComposerService;
 use App\Services\BroadcastEmail\BroadcastEmailDispatchService;
 use App\Services\BroadcastEmail\BroadcastEmailImageService;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Email/EmailController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Email;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Email\EmailSendRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Email\EmailSenderResource;
 use App\Services\Email\EmailAttachmentService;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Email/EmailExtractorController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Email;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Email\EmailExtractorCompareRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Email\EmailExtractorCompareResource;
 use App\Http\Resources\Email\EmailExtractorEmailsResource;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Exams/ExamDraftController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Exams;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Exams\ExamDraftAdminLegacyRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Exams\ExamDraftAdminReviewRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Exams\ExamDraftTeacherStoreRequest;
@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@ class ExamDraftController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function teacherIndex(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $teacherId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($teacherId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $data = $this->teacherService->listForTeacher($teacherId);
+        $data = $this->teacherService->listForTeacher($guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ class ExamDraftController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function teacherStore(ExamDraftTeacherStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $teacherId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($teacherId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $result = $this->teacherService->store($teacherId, $request->validated(), $request->file('draft_file'));
+        $result = $this->teacherService->store($guard, $request->validated(), $request->file('draft_file'));
         if (!$result['ok']) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Unable to save.'], 422);
         }
@@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ class ExamDraftController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function adminUploadLegacy(ExamDraftAdminLegacyRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $adminId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($adminId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $result = $this->adminService->uploadLegacy($adminId, $request->validated(), $request->file('old_exam_file'));
+        $result = $this->adminService->uploadLegacy($guard, $request->validated(), $request->file('old_exam_file'));
         if (!$result['ok']) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Unable to save.'], 422);
         }
@@ -97,12 +97,12 @@ class ExamDraftController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function adminReview(ExamDraftAdminReviewRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $adminId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($adminId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $result = $this->adminService->review($adminId, $request->validated(), $request->file('final_file'));
+        $result = $this->adminService->review($guard, $request->validated(), $request->file('final_file'));
         if (!$result['ok']) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Unable to save.'], 422);
         }
@@ -112,4 +112,17 @@ class ExamDraftController extends BaseApiController
             'draft' => new ExamDraftResource($result['draft']),
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Expenses/ExpenseController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Expenses;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Expenses\StoreExpenseRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Expenses\UpdateExpenseRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Expenses\UpdateExpenseStatusRequest;
@@ -77,8 +77,12 @@ class ExpenseController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(StoreExpenseRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
         $receiptName = null;
         if ($request->hasFile('receipt')) {
@@ -95,10 +99,10 @@ class ExpenseController extends BaseApiController
             'retailor' => $payload['retailor'] ?? null,
             'date_of_purchase' => $payload['date_of_purchase'],
             'purchased_by' => (int) $payload['purchased_by'],
-            'added_by' => $userId,
+            'added_by' => $guard,
             'status' => $isDonation ? 'approved' : 'pending',
             'status_reason' => $isDonation ? 'Marked as Donation (non-reimbursable).' : null,
-            'approved_by' => $isDonation ? $userId : null,
+            'approved_by' => $isDonation ? $guard : null,
             'school_year' => $payload['school_year'] ?? null,
             'semester' => $payload['semester'] ?? null,
         ]);
@@ -111,13 +115,17 @@ class ExpenseController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(UpdateExpenseRequest $request, int $id): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $expense = Expense::query()->find($id);
         if (!$expense) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Expense not found.'], 404);
         }
 
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
         $receiptName = $expense->receipt_path;
         if ($request->hasFile('receipt')) {
@@ -138,13 +146,13 @@ class ExpenseController extends BaseApiController
             'date_of_purchase' => $payload['date_of_purchase'],
             'purchased_by' => (int) $payload['purchased_by'],
             'receipt_path' => $receiptName,
-            'updated_by' => $userId,
+            'updated_by' => $guard,
         ];
 
         if ($isDonation) {
             $updateData['status'] = 'approved';
             $updateData['status_reason'] = 'Marked as Donation (non-reimbursable).';
-            $updateData['approved_by'] = $userId ?: null;
+            $updateData['approved_by'] = $guard ?: null;
             $updateData['reimbursement_id'] = null;
         } elseif (($expense->category ?? '') === 'Donation') {
             $updateData['status_reason'] = null;
@@ -162,19 +170,36 @@ class ExpenseController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updateStatus(UpdateExpenseStatusRequest $request, int $id): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $expense = Expense::query()->find($id);
         if (!$expense) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Expense not found.'], 404);
         }
 
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
-        $updated = $this->statusService->updateStatus($expense, $payload['status'], $payload['reason'] ?? '', $userId);
+        $updated = $this->statusService->updateStatus($expense, $payload['status'], $payload['reason'] ?? '', $guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
             'expense' => new ExpenseResource($updated->toArray()),
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/ExtraCharges/ExtraChargesController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\ExtraCharges;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\ExtraCharges\StoreExtraChargeRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\ExtraCharges\UpdateExtraChargeRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\ExtraCharges\ExtraChargeInvoiceOptionResource;
@@ -87,8 +87,13 @@ class ExtraChargesController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(StoreExtraChargeRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $payload['created_by'] = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        $payload['created_by'] = $userId;
 
         $result = $this->chargeService->createCharge($payload);
 
@@ -102,8 +107,13 @@ class ExtraChargesController extends BaseApiController
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'error' => 'Charge not found'], 404);
         }
 
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $payload['updated_by'] = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        $payload['updated_by'] = $userId;
 
         $ok = $this->chargeService->updateCharge($charge, $payload);
 
@@ -140,4 +150,17 @@ class ExtraChargesController extends BaseApiController
             'ok' => $ok,
         ], $ok ? 200 : 422);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Family/FamilyAdminController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Family;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Families\FamilyAdminCardRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Families\FamilyAdminIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Families\FamilyAdminSearchRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Family/FamilyController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Family;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Families\FamiliesByStudentRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Families\FamilyAttachSecondByEmailRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Families\FamilyAttachSecondByUserRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/FeeCalculationController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Finance\FeeRefundRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Finance\FeeTuitionTotalRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Fees\FeeRefundResource;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/FinancialController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Finance\FinancialReportRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Finance\FinancialSummaryRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Finance\FinancialUnpaidParentsRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/InvoiceController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Invoices\InvoiceManagementRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Invoices\InvoiceParentRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Invoices\InvoiceStatusRequest;
@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ class InvoiceController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function parentPayment(InvoiceParentRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $parentId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($parentId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $parentId;
         }
 
         $schoolYear = $request->validated()['school_year'] ?? null;
@@ -136,4 +136,17 @@ class InvoiceController extends BaseApiController
             echo $pdfBytes;
         }, 'invoice_' . $invoiceId . '.pdf', ['Content-Type' => 'application/pdf']);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/PaymentController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Payments\PaymentByParentRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Payments\PaymentResource;
 use App\Services\Payments\PaymentBalanceService;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/PaymentEventChargesController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Payments\PaymentEventChargesListRequest;
 use App\Services\Payments\PaymentEventChargesService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
@@ -26,6 +26,11 @@ class PaymentEventChargesController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $data = array_merge($request->query->all(), $request->all(), $request->json()->all());
         $validator = Validator::make($data, [
             'parent_id' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:1'],
@@ -47,9 +52,8 @@ class PaymentEventChargesController extends BaseApiController
         }
 
         $payload = $validator->validated();
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
-        $count = $this->service->addCharges($payload, $userId);
+        $count = $this->service->addCharges($payload, $guard);
         if ($count === 0) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'No student selected.'], 422);
         }
@@ -64,4 +68,17 @@ class PaymentEventChargesController extends BaseApiController
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'students' => $students]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/PaymentManualController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Payments\PaymentManualEditRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Payments\PaymentManualUpdateRequest;
 use App\Services\Payments\PaymentManualService;
@@ -63,6 +63,11 @@ class PaymentManualController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function record(PaymentManualUpdateRequest $request, int $invoiceId): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
 
         $result = $this->service->recordPayment(
@@ -75,7 +80,7 @@ class PaymentManualController extends BaseApiController
             $request->file('payment_file'),
             $payload['school_year'] ?? null,
             $payload['semester'] ?? null,
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $guard
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true] + $result);
@@ -83,6 +88,11 @@ class PaymentManualController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function edit(PaymentManualEditRequest $request, int $paymentId): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
 
         $this->service->editPayment(
@@ -91,7 +101,7 @@ class PaymentManualController extends BaseApiController
             (string) $payload['payment_method'],
             $payload['check_number'] ?? null,
             $request->file('payment_file'),
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $guard
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
@@ -102,4 +112,17 @@ class PaymentManualController extends BaseApiController
         $mode = (string) ($request->query('mode') ?? 'download');
         return $this->service->serveCheckFile($filename, $mode);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/PaymentNotificationController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Payments\PaymentNotificationListRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Payments\PaymentNotificationSendRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Payments\PaymentNotificationLogResource;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/PaymentTransactionController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Resources\Payments\PaymentTransactionResource;
 use App\Services\Payments\PaymentTransactionService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/PaypalPaymentController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Payments\PaypalExecuteRequest;
 use App\Services\Payments\PaypalPaymentService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/PaypalTransactionsController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Payments\PaypalTransactionsListRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Payments\PaypalTransactionResource;
 use App\Services\Payments\PaypalTransactionsService;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/PurchaseOrderController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\PurchaseOrders\PurchaseOrderIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\PurchaseOrders\PurchaseOrderItemResource;
 use App\Http\Resources\PurchaseOrders\PurchaseOrderResource;
@@ -99,6 +99,10 @@ class PurchaseOrderController extends BaseApiController
             }
         }
 
+        if (auth()->user() === null) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
         try {
             $po = $this->createService->create($payload);
         } catch (RuntimeException $e) {
@@ -137,7 +141,11 @@ class PurchaseOrderController extends BaseApiController
         }
 
         $user = auth()->user();
-        $issuedBy = $user ? (string) ($user->email ?? $user->username ?? $user->id) : 'system';
+        if ($user === null) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        $issuedBy = (string) ($user->email ?? $user->username ?? $user->id);
 
         try {
             $result = $this->receiveService->receive($id, $payload['items'], $issuedBy);
@@ -156,6 +164,10 @@ class PurchaseOrderController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function cancel(int $id): JsonResponse
     {
+        if (auth()->user() === null) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
         $po = PurchaseOrder::query()->find($id);
         if (!$po) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Purchase order not found.'], 404);

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/RefundController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Refunds\RefundDecisionRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Refunds\RefundIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Refunds\RefundPaymentRequest;
@@ -60,11 +60,15 @@ class RefundController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(RefundStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
         try {
-            $result = $this->requestService->requestRefund($payload, $actorId);
+            $result = $this->requestService->requestRefund($payload, $guard);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('Refund request failed.', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Failed to submit refund request.'], 500);
@@ -88,14 +92,18 @@ class RefundController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(RefundDecisionRequest $request, int $refundId): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
         $result = $this->decisionService->updateDecision(
             $refundId,
             (string) $payload['status'],
             (string) $payload['reason'],
-            $actorId
+            $guard
         );
 
         if (empty($result['ok'])) {
@@ -107,8 +115,12 @@ class RefundController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function destroy(int $refundId): JsonResponse
     {
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        $result = $this->decisionService->cancel($refundId, $actorId);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->decisionService->cancel($refundId, $guard);
 
         if (empty($result['ok'])) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Failed to cancel refund.'], 404);
@@ -119,8 +131,12 @@ class RefundController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function approve(int $refundId): JsonResponse
     {
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        $result = $this->decisionService->approve($refundId, $actorId);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->decisionService->approve($refundId, $guard);
 
         if (empty($result['ok'])) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Approve failed.'], 422);
@@ -131,9 +147,13 @@ class RefundController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function reject(RefundRejectRequest $request, int $refundId): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        $result = $this->decisionService->reject($refundId, (string) $payload['reason'], $actorId);
+        $result = $this->decisionService->reject($refundId, (string) $payload['reason'], $guard);
 
         if (empty($result['ok'])) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Reject failed.'], 422);
@@ -144,11 +164,15 @@ class RefundController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function recordPayment(RefundPaymentRequest $request, int $refundId): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $payload['check_file'] = $request->file('check_file');
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
-        $result = $this->payoutService->recordPayment($refundId, $payload, $actorId);
+        $result = $this->payoutService->recordPayment($refundId, $payload, $guard);
         if (empty($result['ok'])) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Failed to update payment.'], 422);
         }
@@ -158,10 +182,14 @@ class RefundController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function recalculateOverpayments(RefundRecalculateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $payload = $request->validated();
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
 
-        $result = $this->overpaymentService->recalculate(true, $payload['invoice_number'] ?? null, $actorId);
+        $payload = $request->validated();
+
+        $result = $this->overpaymentService->recalculate(true, $payload['invoice_number'] ?? null, $guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -183,4 +211,17 @@ class RefundController extends BaseApiController
             'summary' => $summary,
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Finance/ReimbursementController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Finance;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Files\FileNameRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reimbursements\ReimbursementBatchAdminFileRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reimbursements\ReimbursementBatchAssignmentRequest;
@@ -68,6 +68,11 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function markDonation(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $data = array_merge($request->query->all(), $request->all(), $request->json()->all());
         $validator = Validator::make($data, [
             'expense_id' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:1'],
@@ -81,10 +86,9 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
         }
 
         $payload = $validator->validated();
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
         try {
-            $this->donationService->markDonation((int) $payload['expense_id'], $userId);
+            $this->donationService->markDonation((int) $payload['expense_id'], $guard);
         } catch (RuntimeException $e) {
             $message = $e->getMessage();
             $status = str_contains($message, 'not found') ? 404 : (str_contains($message, 'already') ? 409 : 422);
@@ -98,6 +102,11 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function createBatch(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $data = array_merge($request->query->all(), $request->all(), $request->json()->all());
         $validator = Validator::make($data, [
             'title' => ['nullable', 'string', 'max:255'],
@@ -111,11 +120,10 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
         }
 
         $payload = $validator->validated();
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
         $schoolYear = $this->context->getSchoolYear();
         $semester = $this->context->getSemester();
 
-        $batch = $this->batchService->createBatch($payload['title'] ?? null, $userId, $schoolYear, $semester);
+        $batch = $this->batchService->createBatch($payload['title'] ?? null, $guard, $schoolYear, $semester);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -158,13 +166,17 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function lockBatch(ReimbursementBatchLockRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
         try {
             $this->batchService->lockBatch(
                 (int) $payload['batch_id'],
-                $userId,
+                $guard,
                 $this->context->getSchoolYear(),
                 $this->context->getSemester()
             );
@@ -181,6 +193,11 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function uploadBatchAdminFile(ReimbursementBatchAdminFileRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $batchId = (int) $payload['batch_id'];
         $adminId = (int) $payload['admin_id'];
@@ -194,7 +211,7 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
         }
 
         try {
-            $file = $this->fileService->storeAdminFile($batchId, $adminId, $request->file('check_file'), (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0));
+            $file = $this->fileService->storeAdminFile($batchId, $adminId, $request->file('check_file'), $guard);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unable to store the uploaded file.'], 500);
         }
@@ -312,6 +329,11 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $data = array_merge($request->query->all(), $request->all(), $request->json()->all());
         $validator = Validator::make($data, [
             'amount' => ['required', 'numeric', 'gt:0'],
@@ -333,7 +355,6 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
         }
 
         $payload = $validator->validated();
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
         $receiptName = null;
 
         if ($request->hasFile('receipt')) {
@@ -343,7 +364,7 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
         try {
             $reimb = $this->crudService->store(
                 $payload,
-                $userId,
+                $guard,
                 $this->context->getSchoolYear(),
                 $this->context->getSemester(),
                 $receiptName
@@ -363,8 +384,12 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function process(ReimbursementProcessRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
         $receiptName = null;
 
         if ($request->hasFile('receipt')) {
@@ -374,7 +399,7 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
         try {
             $reimb = $this->crudService->process(
                 $payload,
-                $userId,
+                $guard,
                 $this->context->getSchoolYear(),
                 $this->context->getSemester(),
                 $receiptName
@@ -404,6 +429,11 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(Request $request, int $id): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $reimb = Reimbursement::query()->find($id);
         if (!$reimb) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Reimbursement not found.'], 404);
@@ -428,7 +458,6 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
         }
 
         $payload = $validator->validated();
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
         $receiptName = $reimb->receipt_path;
         if ($request->hasFile('receipt')) {
@@ -438,7 +467,7 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
             $receiptName = null;
         }
 
-        $updated = $this->crudService->update($reimb, $payload, $userId, $receiptName);
+        $updated = $this->crudService->update($reimb, $payload, $guard, $receiptName);
         $data = $updated->toArray();
         $data['receipt_url'] = $this->fileService->receiptUrl($updated->receipt_path ?? null);
 
@@ -447,4 +476,17 @@ class ReimbursementController extends BaseApiController
             'reimbursement' => new ReimbursementResource($data),
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Frontend/FrontendController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Frontend;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Resources\Frontend\FrontendPageResource;
 use App\Http\Resources\Frontend\FrontendUserResource;
 use App\Services\Frontend\FrontendPageService;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Frontend/InfoIconController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Frontend;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Resources\Frontend\ProfileIconResource;
 use App\Services\Frontend\ProfileIconService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
@@ -17,15 +17,28 @@ class InfoIconController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function profileIcon(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $payload = $this->service->buildForUser($userId);
+        $payload = $this->service->buildForUser($guard);
 
         return $this->success([
             'profile' => new ProfileIconResource($payload),
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Frontend/LandingPageController.php

@@ -2,11 +2,12 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Frontend;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Frontend\LandingTeacherRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Frontend\LandingPageResource;
 use App\Services\Frontend\LandingPageService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
 
 class LandingPageController extends BaseApiController
 {
@@ -17,8 +18,13 @@ class LandingPageController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function index(LandingTeacherRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $user = $request->user();
+        if (!$user) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
         $payload = $this->service->dashboardForUser(
-            $request->user(),
+            $user,
             $request->validated()['class_section_id'] ?? null
         );
 
@@ -29,8 +35,13 @@ class LandingPageController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function teacher(LandingTeacherRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $user = $request->user();
+        if (!$user) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
         $payload = $this->service->teacher(
-            $request->user(),
+            $user,
             $request->validated()['class_section_id'] ?? null
         );
 
@@ -41,7 +52,12 @@ class LandingPageController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function parent(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $payload = $this->service->parent(auth()->user());
+        $user = auth()->user();
+        if (!$user) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        $payload = $this->service->parent($user);
 
         return $this->success([
             'landing' => new LandingPageResource($payload),

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Frontend/PageController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Frontend;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Frontend\ContactSubmitRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Frontend\ContactSubmissionResource;
 use App\Http\Resources\Frontend\PageContentResource;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Grading/GradingController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Grading;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Grading\BelowSixtyEmailRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Grading\BelowSixtyMeetingRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Grading\BelowSixtyMeetingSaveRequest;
@@ -79,20 +79,30 @@ class GradingController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(GradingScoreUpdateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $this->scoreService->update($payload, (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0));
+        $this->scoreService->update($payload, $userId);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
     }
 
     public function toggleLock(GradingLockRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $locked = $this->lockService->toggle(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
             (string) $payload['semester'],
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'locked' => $locked]);
@@ -100,11 +110,16 @@ class GradingController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function lockAll(GradingLockAllRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $count = $this->lockService->lockAll(
             (string) $payload['semester'],
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'locked_count' => $count]);
@@ -137,12 +152,17 @@ class GradingController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updatePlacementLevel(PlacementLevelRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $this->placementService->updatePlacementLevel(
             (int) $payload['student_id'],
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['placement_level'] ?? null,
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
@@ -150,12 +170,17 @@ class GradingController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updatePlacementLevels(PlacementLevelsRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $this->placementService->updatePlacementLevels(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['placement_level'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
@@ -163,12 +188,17 @@ class GradingController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function createPlacementBatch(PlacementBatchRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $batchId = $this->placementService->createPlacementBatch(
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             (string) $payload['placement_test'],
             $payload['placement_level'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'batch_id' => $batchId]);
@@ -183,12 +213,17 @@ class GradingController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updatePlacementBatch(PlacementBatchUpdateRequest $request, int $batchId): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $this->placementService->updatePlacementBatch(
             $batchId,
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['placement_level'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
@@ -246,6 +281,11 @@ class GradingController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updateBelowSixtyStatus(BelowSixtyStatusRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $this->belowSixtyService->updateStatus(
             (int) $payload['student_id'],
@@ -253,7 +293,7 @@ class GradingController extends BaseApiController
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             (string) $payload['status'],
             (string) ($payload['note'] ?? ''),
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
@@ -273,9 +313,27 @@ class GradingController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function saveBelowSixtyMeeting(BelowSixtyMeetingSaveRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $this->belowSixtyService->saveMeeting($payload, (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0));
+        $this->belowSixtyService->saveMeeting($payload, $userId);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Grading/HomeworkTrackingController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Grading;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Grading\HomeworkTrackingRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Grading\HomeworkTrackingTeacherResource;
 use App\Services\Grading\HomeworkTrackingService;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Incidents/IncidentController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Incidents;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Incidents\IncidentCancelRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Incidents\IncidentCloseRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Incidents\IncidentListRequest;
@@ -86,6 +86,11 @@ class IncidentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $data = array_merge($request->query->all(), $request->all(), $request->json()->all());
         $validator = Validator::make($data, [
             'student_id' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:1'],
@@ -104,7 +109,7 @@ class IncidentController extends BaseApiController
         }
 
         $payload = $validator->validated();
-        $result = $this->currentService->addIncident($payload, (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0));
+        $result = $this->currentService->addIncident($payload, $guard);
 
         if (empty($result['ok'])) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Failed to add incident.'], 422);
@@ -129,6 +134,11 @@ class IncidentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function close(Request $request, int $incidentId): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $data = array_merge($request->query->all(), $request->all(), $request->json()->all());
         $validator = Validator::make($data, [
             'state_description' => ['required', 'string', 'max:2000'],
@@ -147,7 +157,7 @@ class IncidentController extends BaseApiController
             $incidentId,
             (string) $payload['state_description'],
             $payload['action_taken'] ?? null,
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $guard
         );
 
         if (empty($result['ok'])) {
@@ -162,12 +172,17 @@ class IncidentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function cancel(IncidentCancelRequest $request, int $incidentId): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $result = $this->currentService->cancelIncident(
             $incidentId,
             $payload['state_description'] ?? null,
             $payload['action_taken'] ?? null,
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $guard
         );
 
         if (empty($result['ok'])) {
@@ -179,4 +194,17 @@ class IncidentController extends BaseApiController
             'incident_id' => $result['incident_id'],
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Inventory/InventoryCategoryController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Inventory;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\InventoryCategoryIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\InventoryCategoryStoreRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\InventoryCategoryUpdateRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Inventory/InventoryController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Inventory;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\InventoryAdjustRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\InventoryAuditRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\InventoryItemIndexRequest;
@@ -57,7 +57,12 @@ class InventoryController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(InventoryItemStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $result = $this->items->create($request->validated(), (int) auth()->id());
+        $actor = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($actor instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $actor;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->items->create($request->validated(), $actor);
         if (!($result['ok'] ?? false)) {
             return $this->error($result['message'] ?? 'Failed to create item.', Response::HTTP_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY);
         }
@@ -67,7 +72,12 @@ class InventoryController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(InventoryItemUpdateRequest $request, int $id): JsonResponse
     {
-        $result = $this->items->update($id, $request->validated(), (int) auth()->id());
+        $actor = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($actor instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $actor;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->items->update($id, $request->validated(), $actor);
         if (!($result['ok'] ?? false)) {
             return $this->error($result['message'] ?? 'Failed to update item.', Response::HTTP_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY);
         }
@@ -87,7 +97,12 @@ class InventoryController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function audit(InventoryAuditRequest $request, int $id): JsonResponse
     {
-        $result = $this->items->auditClassroom($id, $request->validated(), (int) auth()->id());
+        $actor = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($actor instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $actor;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->items->auditClassroom($id, $request->validated(), $actor);
         if (!($result['ok'] ?? false)) {
             return $this->error($result['message'] ?? 'Failed to audit item.', Response::HTTP_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY);
         }
@@ -97,7 +112,12 @@ class InventoryController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function adjust(InventoryAdjustRequest $request, int $id): JsonResponse
     {
-        $result = $this->items->adjustStock($id, $request->validated(), (int) auth()->id());
+        $actor = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($actor instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $actor;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->items->adjustStock($id, $request->validated(), $actor);
         if (!($result['ok'] ?? false)) {
             return $this->error($result['message'] ?? 'Failed to adjust stock.', Response::HTTP_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY);
         }
@@ -122,9 +142,14 @@ class InventoryController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function teacherDistribution(InventoryTeacherDistributionRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $actor = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($actor instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $actor;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $result = $this->distribution->formData(
-            (int) auth()->id(),
+            $actor,
             $payload['class_section_id'] ?? null,
             $payload['item_id'] ?? null
         );
@@ -138,8 +163,13 @@ class InventoryController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function teacherDistributionStore(InventoryTeacherDistributionStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $actor = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($actor instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $actor;
+        }
+
         try {
-            $result = $this->distribution->distribute((int) auth()->id(), $request->validated());
+            $result = $this->distribution->distribute($actor, $request->validated());
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('Inventory distribution failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
             return $this->error('Unable to distribute inventory.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
@@ -151,4 +181,17 @@ class InventoryController extends BaseApiController
 
         return $this->success($result);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Inventory/InventoryMovementController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Inventory;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\InventoryMovementBulkDeleteRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\InventoryMovementIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\InventoryMovementStoreRequest;
@@ -30,7 +30,12 @@ class InventoryMovementController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(InventoryMovementStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $result = $this->movements->create($request->validated(), (int) auth()->id());
+        $actor = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($actor instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $actor;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->movements->create($request->validated(), $actor);
         if (!($result['ok'] ?? false)) {
             return $this->error($result['message'] ?? 'Failed to create movement.', Response::HTTP_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY);
         }
@@ -67,4 +72,17 @@ class InventoryMovementController extends BaseApiController
 
         return $this->success($result);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Inventory/SupplierController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Inventory;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\SupplierIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\SupplierStoreRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\SupplierUpdateRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Inventory/SupplyCategoryController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Inventory;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\SupplyCategoryStoreRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Inventory\SupplyCategoryUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Inventory\SupplyCategoryResource;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Messaging/MessagesController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Messaging;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Messaging\MessageIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Messaging\MessageSendRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Messaging\MessageUpdateRequest;
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ class MessagesController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function index(MessageIndexRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         $filters = $request->validated();
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ class MessagesController extends BaseApiController
 
         $this->authorize('viewAny', Message::class);
 
-        $role = $this->queryService->getUserRoleName($userId);
-        $messages = $this->queryService->inbox($userId, $filters, $page, $perPage);
+        $role = $this->queryService->getUserRoleName($guard);
+        $messages = $this->queryService->inbox($guard, $filters, $page, $perPage);
         $collection = new MessageCollection($messages);
         $meta = $collection->with($request)['meta'] ?? null;
 
@@ -94,15 +94,15 @@ class MessagesController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(MessageSendRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         $this->authorize('create', Message::class);
 
         try {
-            $message = $this->commandService->create($userId, $request->validated(), $request->file('attachment'));
+            $message = $this->commandService->create($guard, $request->validated(), $request->file('attachment'));
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('Message send failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
             return $this->error($e->getMessage(), Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
@@ -115,12 +115,12 @@ class MessagesController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function receive(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $messages = $this->queryService->receivedAndMarkRead($userId);
+        $messages = $this->queryService->receivedAndMarkRead($guard);
 
         return $this->success([
             'messages' => (new MessageCollection(collect($messages)))->toArray(request()),
@@ -193,9 +193,9 @@ class MessagesController extends BaseApiController
 
     private function listMessages(MessageIndexRequest $request, string $bucket): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         $filters = $request->validated();
@@ -205,10 +205,10 @@ class MessagesController extends BaseApiController
         $this->authorize('viewAny', Message::class);
 
         $paginator = match ($bucket) {
-            'sent' => $this->queryService->sent($userId, $filters, $page, $perPage),
-            'drafts' => $this->queryService->drafts($userId, $filters, $page, $perPage),
-            'trash' => $this->queryService->trash($userId, $filters, $page, $perPage),
-            default => $this->queryService->inbox($userId, $filters, $page, $perPage),
+            'sent' => $this->queryService->sent($guard, $filters, $page, $perPage),
+            'drafts' => $this->queryService->drafts($guard, $filters, $page, $perPage),
+            'trash' => $this->queryService->trash($guard, $filters, $page, $perPage),
+            default => $this->queryService->inbox($guard, $filters, $page, $perPage),
         };
 
         $collection = new MessageCollection($paginator);
@@ -219,4 +219,17 @@ class MessagesController extends BaseApiController
             'meta' => $meta,
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Messaging/WhatsappController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Messaging;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Whatsapp\WhatsappInviteSendRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Whatsapp\WhatsappLinkIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Whatsapp\WhatsappLinkStoreRequest;
@@ -132,8 +132,12 @@ class WhatsappController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updateMembership(WhatsappMembershipUpdateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         try {
-            $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0) ?: null;
             $result = $this->membershipService->updateMembership($request->validated(), $userId);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('WhatsApp membership update failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
@@ -153,4 +157,17 @@ class WhatsappController extends BaseApiController
             'term' => $result['term'] ?? [],
         ], 'Membership saved.');
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Notifications/NotificationController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Notifications;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Notifications\NotificationActiveRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Notifications\NotificationDeletedRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Notifications\NotificationIndexRequest;
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ class NotificationController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function index(NotificationIndexRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $result = $this->listService->listForUser($userId, $payload);
+        $result = $this->listService->listForUser($guard, $payload);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ class NotificationController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function show(int $notificationId): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $row = $this->showService->getForUser($userId, $notificationId);
+        $row = $this->showService->getForUser($guard, $notificationId);
         if (!$row) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Notification not found.'], 404);
         }
@@ -71,11 +71,15 @@ class NotificationController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(NotificationSendRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
         try {
-            $result = $this->sendService->send($payload, $actorId);
+            $result = $this->sendService->send($payload, $guard);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('Notification send failed.', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Failed to send notification.'], 500);
@@ -129,12 +133,12 @@ class NotificationController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function markRead(int $notificationId): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $ok = $this->readService->markRead($userId, $notificationId);
+        $ok = $this->readService->markRead($guard, $notificationId);
         if (!$ok) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Notification not found.'], 404);
         }
@@ -162,4 +166,17 @@ class NotificationController extends BaseApiController
             'notifications' => $data['notifications'],
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Parents/AuthorizedUserInviteController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Parents;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Services\Parents\AuthorizedUsersManagementService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Http\Response;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
+
+/**
+ * Public invite confirmation & password setup for authorized users.
+ */
+class AuthorizedUserInviteController extends Controller
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private AuthorizedUsersManagementService $svc,
+    ) {}
+
+    public function confirm(Request $request): RedirectResponse|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $token = (string) ($request->query('token') ?? '');
+        try {
+            $result = $this->svc->confirmEmailClick($token);
+        } catch (\InvalidArgumentException $e) {
+            if ($request->expectsJson()) {
+                return response()->json(['message' => $e->getMessage()], 400);
+            }
+
+            return response(
+                '<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8"></head><body style="font-family:sans-serif;padding:24px;">'
+                .'<p>'.e($e->getMessage()).'</p></body></html>',
+                400,
+                ['Content-Type' => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'],
+            );
+        }
+
+        if ($request->expectsJson()) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'message' => 'Confirmed.',
+                'redirect_url' => $result['redirect_url'],
+            ]);
+        }
+
+        return redirect()->away($result['redirect_url']);
+    }
+
+    public function setPasswordForm(Request $request, int $authorizedUserId): JsonResponse|Response
+    {
+        $token = (string) ($request->query('token') ?? '');
+        $row = $this->svc->findActiveSetupRow($authorizedUserId, $token);
+        if (! $row) {
+            if ($request->expectsJson()) {
+                return response()->json(['message' => 'Invalid or expired confirmation link.'], 400);
+            }
+
+            return response('Invalid or expired confirmation link.', 400);
+        }
+
+        if ($request->expectsJson()) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'message' => 'OK',
+                'user_id' => $authorizedUserId,
+                'token' => $token,
+            ]);
+        }
+
+        return response(
+            '<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>Set password</title></head>'
+            .'<body><p>Set your password using the client app or API POST to this URL with JSON body.</p></body></html>',
+            200,
+            ['Content-Type' => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'],
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function savePassword(Request $request, int $authorizedUserId): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
+            'password' => ['required', 'string', 'min:8', 'regex:/[A-Z]/', 'regex:/[a-z]/', 'regex:/[0-9]/', 'regex:/[\W_]/'],
+            'password_confirm' => ['required', 'same:password'],
+            'user_id' => ['required', 'integer'],
+            'token' => ['required', 'string'],
+        ], [
+            'password.regex' => 'Password must include uppercase, lowercase, number, and special character.',
+        ]);
+
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                'errors' => $validator->errors(),
+            ], 422);
+        }
+
+        $data = $validator->validated();
+
+        try {
+            $this->svc->setAuthorizedUserPassword(
+                $authorizedUserId,
+                (int) $data['user_id'],
+                (string) $data['token'],
+                (string) $data['password'],
+            );
+        } catch (\InvalidArgumentException $e) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => $e->getMessage()], 400);
+        }
+
+        return response()->json(['message' => 'Password has been successfully set.']);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Parents/AuthorizedUsersController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Parents;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Requests\Parents\StoreAuthorizedUserRequest;
+use App\Http\Requests\Parents\UpdateAuthorizedUserRequest;
+use App\Models\AuthorizedUser;
+use App\Services\Parents\AuthorizedUsersManagementService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+/**
+ * Parent CRUD for secondary authorized users on their account (JWT parent role).
+ */
+class AuthorizedUsersController extends BaseApiController
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private AuthorizedUsersManagementService $svc,
+    ) {
+        parent::__construct();
+    }
+
+    public function index(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $guard = $this->guardJsonOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $rows = AuthorizedUser::query()
+            ->where('user_id', $guard)
+            ->orderBy('id')
+            ->get();
+
+        return $this->success($rows);
+    }
+
+    public function show(int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $guard = $this->guardJsonOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $resolution = $this->authorizedUserForParent($id, $guard);
+        if ($resolution instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $resolution;
+        }
+
+        return $this->success($resolution);
+    }
+
+    public function store(StoreAuthorizedUserRequest $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $guard = $this->guardJsonOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $email = strtolower($request->validated('email'));
+        $result = $this->svc->inviteByEmail($guard, $email);
+
+        $message = 'Authorized user added. A confirmation email has been sent.';
+        if (! $result['created']) {
+            return $this->success(['message' => $message], $message, Response::HTTP_CREATED);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success(
+            ['message' => $message, 'id' => $result['record']->id],
+            $message,
+            Response::HTTP_CREATED
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function update(UpdateAuthorizedUserRequest $request, int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $guard = $this->guardJsonOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $resolution = $this->authorizedUserForParent($id, $guard);
+        if ($resolution instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $resolution;
+        }
+
+        /** @var AuthorizedUser $row */
+        $row = $resolution;
+
+        $email = $request->validated('email') ?? null;
+        if (is_string($email) && $email !== '') {
+            $row->email = strtolower($email);
+        }
+
+        $row->save();
+
+        return $this->success(['message' => 'Authorized user information updated.'], 'Authorized user information updated.');
+    }
+
+    public function destroy(int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $guard = $this->guardJsonOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $resolution = $this->authorizedUserForParent($id, $guard);
+        if ($resolution instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $resolution;
+        }
+
+        $resolution->delete();
+
+        return $this->success(['message' => 'Authorized user deleted successfully.'], 'Authorized user deleted successfully.');
+    }
+
+    private function guardJsonOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($parentId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Authentication required.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $parentId;
+    }
+
+    private function authorizedUserForParent(int $id, int $parentId): AuthorizedUser|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $row = AuthorizedUser::query()->find($id);
+        if (! $row) {
+            return $this->error('Authorized user not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        if ((int) $row->user_id !== $parentId) {
+            return $this->error('You do not have access to this resource.', Response::HTTP_FORBIDDEN);
+        }
+
+        return $row;
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Parents/ParentAttendanceReportController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Parents;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Parents\ParentAttendanceReportSubmitRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Parents\ParentAttendanceReportListRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Parents\ParentAttendanceReportCheckRequest;
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ class ParentAttendanceReportController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function form(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $data = $this->reportService->formData($parentId);
+        $data = $this->reportService->formData($guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ class ParentAttendanceReportController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function submit(ParentAttendanceReportSubmitRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         try {
-            $result = $this->reportService->submit($parentId, $request->validated());
+            $result = $this->reportService->submit($guard, $request->validated());
         } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $e->getMessage()], 422);
         }
@@ -62,13 +62,18 @@ class ParentAttendanceReportController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function list(ParentAttendanceReportListRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $start = $payload['start'] ?? now()->toDateString();
         $end = $payload['end'] ?? null;
         $schoolYear = $payload['school_year'] ?? null;
         $semester = $payload['semester'] ?? null;
 
-        $rows = $this->reportService->listReports($start, $end, $schoolYear, $semester);
+        $rows = $this->reportService->listReports($start, $end, $schoolYear, $semester, $guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -78,8 +83,13 @@ class ParentAttendanceReportController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function checkExisting(ParentAttendanceReportCheckRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         try {
-            $rows = $this->reportService->checkExisting($request->validated());
+            $rows = $this->reportService->checkExisting($guard, $request->validated());
         } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $e->getMessage()], 422);
         }
@@ -92,17 +102,30 @@ class ParentAttendanceReportController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(ParentAttendanceReportUpdateRequest $request, int $reportId): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         try {
-            $this->reportService->updateReport($parentId, $reportId, $request->validated());
+            $this->reportService->updateReport($guard, $reportId, $request->validated());
         } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $e->getMessage()], 422);
         }
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function parentIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($parentId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $parentId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Parents/ParentController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Parents;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Parents\ParentAttendanceRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Parents\ParentEnrollmentActionRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Parents\ParentEnrollmentRequest;
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function attendance(ParentAttendanceRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $data = $this->attendanceService->listAttendance($parentId, $request->validated()['school_year'] ?? null);
+        $data = $this->attendanceService->listAttendance($guard, $request->validated()['school_year'] ?? null);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function invoices(ParentInvoiceRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         $schoolYear = $request->validated()['school_year'] ?? null;
-        $rows = $this->invoiceService->listInvoices($parentId, $schoolYear);
+        $rows = $this->invoiceService->listInvoices($guard, $schoolYear);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -74,12 +74,12 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function enrollments(ParentEnrollmentRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $data = $this->enrollmentService->overview($parentId, $request->validated()['school_year'] ?? null);
+        $data = $this->enrollmentService->overview($guard, $request->validated()['school_year'] ?? null);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -94,14 +94,14 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updateEnrollments(ParentEnrollmentActionRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $result = $this->enrollmentService->updateEnrollment(
-            $parentId,
+            $guard,
             $payload['enroll'] ?? [],
             $payload['withdraw'] ?? []
         );
@@ -115,12 +115,12 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function registration(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $data = $this->registrationService->overview($parentId);
+        $data = $this->registrationService->overview($guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -136,14 +136,14 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function storeRegistration(ParentRegistrationRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $result = $this->registrationService->register(
-            $parentId,
+            $guard,
             $payload['students'] ?? [],
             $payload['emergency_contacts'] ?? []
         );
@@ -156,36 +156,36 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updateStudent(ParentStudentUpdateRequest $request, int $studentId): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $this->registrationService->updateStudent($parentId, $studentId, $request->validated());
+        $this->registrationService->updateStudent($guard, $studentId, $request->validated());
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
     }
 
     public function deleteStudent(int $studentId): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $this->registrationService->deleteStudent($parentId, $studentId);
+        $this->registrationService->deleteStudent($guard, $studentId);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
     }
 
     public function emergencyContacts(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $rows = $this->emergencyContactService->list($parentId);
+        $rows = $this->emergencyContactService->list($guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -195,12 +195,12 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function storeEmergencyContact(ParentEmergencyContactRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $contact = $this->emergencyContactService->store($parentId, $request->validated());
+        $contact = $this->emergencyContactService->store($guard, $request->validated());
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -210,12 +210,12 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updateEmergencyContact(ParentEmergencyContactRequest $request, int $contactId): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $contact = $this->emergencyContactService->update($parentId, $contactId, $request->validated());
+        $contact = $this->emergencyContactService->update($guard, $contactId, $request->validated());
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -225,12 +225,12 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function profile(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $profile = $this->profileService->getProfile($parentId);
+        $profile = $this->profileService->getProfile($guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -240,12 +240,12 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updateProfile(ParentProfileUpdateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $profile = $this->profileService->updateProfile($parentId, $request->validated());
+        $profile = $this->profileService->updateProfile($guard, $request->validated());
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -255,12 +255,12 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function events(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($parentId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $data = $this->eventService->overview($parentId);
+        $data = $this->eventService->overview($guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -271,14 +271,27 @@ class ParentController extends BaseApiController
     }
 
     public function updateParticipation(ParentEventParticipationRequest $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $guard = $this->parentIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $this->eventService->updateParticipation($guard, $request->validated()['participation'] ?? []);
+
+        return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse Authenticated parent user id, or 401 JSON for this controller's legacy `{ ok }` shape.
+     */
+    private function parentIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
     {
         $parentId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
         if ($parentId <= 0) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
         }
 
-        $this->eventService->updateParticipation($parentId, $request->validated()['participation'] ?? []);
-
-        return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
+        return $parentId;
     }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/PrintRequests/PrintRequestsController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\PrintRequests;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
+use App\Models\PrintRequest;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Services\PrintRequests\PrintRequestsPortalService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
+use Illuminate\Validation\Rule;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\BinaryFileResponse;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+class PrintRequestsController extends BaseApiController
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private PrintRequestsPortalService $portal,
+    ) {
+        parent::__construct();
+    }
+
+    public function teacher(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $uid = $this->getCurrentUserId();
+        if (! $uid) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success($this->portal->teacherBootstrap($uid));
+    }
+
+    public function admin(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return $this->success([
+            'print_requests' => $this->portal->adminPrintRequests(),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function store(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $uid = $this->getCurrentUserId();
+        if (! $uid) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
+            'file' => ['required', 'file', 'max:5120', 'mimes:pdf,jpg,jpeg,png,doc,docx,txt'],
+            'page_selection' => ['nullable', 'string', 'regex:/^\s*\d+(?:\s*-\s*\d+)?(?:\s*,\s*\d+(?:\s*-\s*\d+)?)*\s*$/'],
+            'num_copies' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:1'],
+            'required_by' => ['required', 'date'],
+            'pickup_method' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255'],
+            'class_id' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:1'],
+        ]);
+
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            return $this->respondValidationError($validator->errors()->toArray());
+        }
+
+        /** @var \Illuminate\Http\UploadedFile $file */
+        $file = $request->file('file');
+        $model = $this->portal->storeTeacherUpload($validator->validated(), $file, $uid);
+
+        return $this->respondCreated(
+            ['print_request' => $this->portal->normalizePrintRequestRow($model->toArray())],
+            'Print request created successfully.'
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function teacherUpdate(Request $request, int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $uid = $this->getCurrentUserId();
+        if (! $uid) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        $pr = PrintRequest::query()->find($id);
+        if (! $pr) {
+            return $this->error('Print request not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        if (! $this->portal->teacherOwnsRequest($pr, $uid)) {
+            return $this->error('You are not authorized to edit this request.', Response::HTTP_FORBIDDEN);
+        }
+
+        if (! $this->portal->teacherMayEditOrDelete($pr)) {
+            return $this->error('Cannot edit a request that is already being processed.', Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
+        }
+
+        $rules = [
+            'num_copies' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:1'],
+            'required_by' => ['required', 'date'],
+            'pickup_method' => ['required', 'string', Rule::in(['Self Pickup', 'Delivered to class'])],
+            'page_selection' => ['nullable', 'string', 'regex:/^\s*\d+(?:\s*-\s*\d+)?(?:\s*,\s*\d+(?:\s*-\s*\d+)?)*\s*$/'],
+        ];
+
+        if ($request->hasFile('file') && $request->file('file')->isValid()) {
+            $rules['file'] = ['required', 'file', 'max:5120', 'mimes:pdf,jpg,jpeg,png,doc,docx,txt'];
+        }
+
+        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), $rules);
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            return $this->respondValidationError($validator->errors()->toArray());
+        }
+
+        $data = $validator->validated();
+        $newFile = ($request->hasFile('file') && $request->file('file')->isValid())
+            ? $request->file('file')
+            : null;
+
+        $model = $this->portal->updateTeacherFields($pr, $data, $newFile);
+
+        return $this->success(
+            ['print_request' => $this->portal->normalizePrintRequestRow($model->toArray())],
+            'Print request updated successfully.'
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function adminStatus(Request $request, int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $uid = $this->getCurrentUserId();
+        if (! $uid) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
+            'status' => ['required', 'string', Rule::in(['not_assigned', 'assigned', 'done', 'delivered'])],
+        ]);
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            return $this->respondValidationError($validator->errors()->toArray());
+        }
+
+        $pr = PrintRequest::query()->find($id);
+        if (! $pr) {
+            return $this->error('Print request not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        $newStatus = (string) $validator->validated()['status'];
+
+        try {
+            $model = $this->portal->applyAdminStatus($pr, $newStatus, $uid);
+        } catch (\InvalidArgumentException $e) {
+            return $this->error($e->getMessage(), Response::HTTP_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY);
+        }
+
+        return $this->success(
+            ['print_request' => $this->portal->normalizePrintRequestRow($model->toArray())],
+            'Status updated successfully.'
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function destroy(int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $uid = $this->getCurrentUserId();
+        if (! $uid) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        $pr = PrintRequest::query()->find($id);
+        if (! $pr) {
+            return $this->error('Print request not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        if (! $this->portal->teacherOwnsRequest($pr, $uid)) {
+            return $this->error('You are not authorized to delete this request.', Response::HTTP_FORBIDDEN);
+        }
+
+        if (! $this->portal->teacherMayEditOrDelete($pr)) {
+            return $this->error('Cannot delete a request that is already being processed.', Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
+        }
+
+        $this->portal->deleteTeacherRequest($pr);
+
+        return $this->respondDeleted(null, 'Print request deleted successfully.');
+    }
+
+    public function copy(int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $uid = $this->getCurrentUserId();
+        if (! $uid) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        $pr = PrintRequest::query()->find($id);
+        if (! $pr) {
+            return $this->error('Print request not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        if (! $this->portal->teacherOwnsRequest($pr, $uid)) {
+            return $this->error('You are not authorized to copy this request.', Response::HTTP_FORBIDDEN);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $model = $this->portal->copyFromExisting($pr, $uid);
+        } catch (\InvalidArgumentException $e) {
+            return $this->error($e->getMessage(), Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
+        }
+
+        return $this->respondCreated(
+            ['print_request' => $this->portal->normalizePrintRequestRow($model->toArray())],
+            'Print request copied successfully.'
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function handCopy(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $uid = $this->getCurrentUserId();
+        if (! $uid) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
+            'num_copies' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:1'],
+            'required_by' => ['required', 'date'],
+            'pickup_method' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255'],
+            'class_id' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:1'],
+        ]);
+
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            return $this->respondValidationError($validator->errors()->toArray());
+        }
+
+        $model = $this->portal->storeHandCopy($validator->validated(), $uid);
+
+        return $this->respondCreated(
+            ['print_request' => $this->portal->normalizePrintRequestRow($model->toArray())],
+            'Copy request submitted. Please hand the original document to the copy center.'
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function download(int $id): BinaryFileResponse|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $uid = $this->getCurrentUserId();
+        if (! $uid) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        $pr = PrintRequest::query()->find($id);
+        if (! $pr) {
+            return $this->error('Print request not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        $isAdmin = $this->userHasPrintAdminRole(Auth::user());
+        if (! $this->portal->authorizeDownload($pr, $uid, $isAdmin)) {
+            return $this->error('Forbidden.', Response::HTTP_FORBIDDEN);
+        }
+
+        $path = $this->portal->absolutePathForDownload($pr);
+        if ($path === null || ! is_readable($path)) {
+            return $this->error('File not found.', Response::HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+
+        $mime = @mime_content_type($path) ?: 'application/octet-stream';
+        $safe = basename($path);
+
+        return response()->download($path, $safe, [
+            'Content-Type' => $mime,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    private function userHasPrintAdminRole(?User $user): bool
+    {
+        if (! $user) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $roles = $user->roles()
+            ->pluck('roles.name')
+            ->map(fn ($name) => strtolower((string) $name))
+            ->toArray();
+
+        foreach (['administrator', 'admin', 'principal', 'vice_principal', 'vice-principal'] as $allowed) {
+            if (in_array($allowed, $roles, true)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Public/PublicWinnersController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Public;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Services\PublicWinners\PublicWinnersPortalService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+
+/**
+ * Published competition winners (public JSON).
+ */
+class PublicWinnersController extends Controller
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private PublicWinnersPortalService $winners,
+    ) {}
+
+    public function competitionIndex(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => true,
+            'data' => [
+                'competitions' => $this->winners->publishedCompetitions(),
+            ],
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function competitionShow(int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $payload = $this->winners->competitionPayload($id);
+        if ($payload === null) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'status' => false,
+                'message' => 'Competition not found.',
+            ], 404);
+        }
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => true,
+            'data' => $payload,
+        ]);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Reports/FilesController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Reports;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Files\FileNameRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Files\FileMetaResource;
 use App\Services\Files\ExamDraftDownloadNameService;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Reports/ReportCardsController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Reports;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reports\ReportCards\ReportCardAcknowledgementRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reports\ReportCards\ReportCardCompletenessRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reports\ReportCards\ReportCardMetaRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Reports/SlipPrinterController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Reports;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reports\SlipLogListRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reports\SlipPreviewRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reports\SlipPrintRequest;
@@ -20,8 +20,12 @@ class SlipPrinterController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function print(SlipPrintRequest $request)
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        $result = $this->service->print($request->validated(), $userId);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->service->print($request->validated(), $guard);
 
         if (!$result['ok']) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Print failed.'], 422);
@@ -35,8 +39,12 @@ class SlipPrinterController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function preview(SlipPreviewRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        $result = $this->service->preview($request->validated(), $userId);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->service->preview($request->validated(), $guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -47,6 +55,11 @@ class SlipPrinterController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function logs(SlipLogListRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $rows = $this->service->logs($payload['school_year'] ?? null, $payload['semester'] ?? null);
 
@@ -58,8 +71,12 @@ class SlipPrinterController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function reprint(SlipReprintRequest $request)
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        $result = $this->service->reprint((int) $request->validated()['id'], $userId);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->service->reprint((int) $request->validated()['id'], $guard);
 
         if (!$result['ok']) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Slip not found.'], 404);
@@ -70,4 +87,17 @@ class SlipPrinterController extends BaseApiController
             'Content-Disposition' => 'inline; filename="' . $result['filename'] . '"',
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Reports/StickersController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Reports;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reports\Stickers\StickerFormDataRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reports\Stickers\StickerPrintRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Reports\Stickers\StickerStudentsByClassRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Scores/FinalController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Scores;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Scores\ScoreStudentResource;
 use App\Models\Student;
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ class FinalController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(ScoreUpdateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $count = $this->service->update(
             'final_exam',
@@ -60,10 +65,10 @@ class FinalController extends BaseApiController
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['scores'],
             $payload['missing_ok'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
-        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year']);
+        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year'], $userId);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'updated' => $count]);
     }
@@ -93,9 +98,9 @@ class FinalController extends BaseApiController
         ]);
     }
 
-    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear): void
+    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear, int $actorUserId): void
     {
-        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0));
+        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, $actorUserId);
         if (empty($studentInfo)) {
             return;
         }
@@ -104,4 +109,17 @@ class FinalController extends BaseApiController
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Scores/HomeworkController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Scores;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreAddColumnRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Scores\ScoreStudentResource;
@@ -58,6 +58,11 @@ class HomeworkController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(ScoreUpdateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $count = $this->service->update(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
@@ -65,22 +70,27 @@ class HomeworkController extends BaseApiController
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['scores'],
             $payload['missing_ok'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
-        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year']);
+        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year'], $userId);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'updated' => $count]);
     }
 
     public function addColumn(ScoreAddColumnRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $nextIndex = $this->service->addColumn(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
             (string) $payload['semester'],
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'homework_index' => $nextIndex]);
@@ -111,9 +121,9 @@ class HomeworkController extends BaseApiController
         ]);
     }
 
-    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear): void
+    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear, int $actorUserId): void
     {
-        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0));
+        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, $actorUserId);
         if (empty($studentInfo)) {
             return;
         }
@@ -122,4 +132,17 @@ class HomeworkController extends BaseApiController
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Scores/MidtermController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Scores;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Scores\ScoreStudentResource;
 use App\Models\Student;
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ class MidtermController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(ScoreUpdateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $count = $this->service->update(
             'midterm_exam',
@@ -60,10 +65,10 @@ class MidtermController extends BaseApiController
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['scores'],
             $payload['missing_ok'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
-        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year']);
+        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year'], $userId);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'updated' => $count]);
     }
@@ -93,9 +98,9 @@ class MidtermController extends BaseApiController
         ]);
     }
 
-    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear): void
+    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear, int $actorUserId): void
     {
-        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0));
+        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, $actorUserId);
         if (empty($studentInfo)) {
             return;
         }
@@ -104,4 +109,17 @@ class MidtermController extends BaseApiController
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Scores/ParticipationController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Scores;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Scores\ScoreStudentResource;
 use App\Models\Student;
@@ -56,6 +56,11 @@ class ParticipationController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(ScoreUpdateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $count = $this->service->update(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
@@ -63,10 +68,10 @@ class ParticipationController extends BaseApiController
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['scores'],
             $payload['missing_ok'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
-        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year']);
+        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year'], $userId);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'updated' => $count]);
     }
@@ -96,9 +101,9 @@ class ParticipationController extends BaseApiController
         ]);
     }
 
-    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear): void
+    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear, int $actorUserId): void
     {
-        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0));
+        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, $actorUserId);
         if (empty($studentInfo)) {
             return;
         }
@@ -107,4 +112,17 @@ class ParticipationController extends BaseApiController
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Scores/ProjectController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Scores;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreAddColumnRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Scores\ScoreStudentResource;
@@ -58,6 +58,11 @@ class ProjectController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(ScoreUpdateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $count = $this->service->update(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
@@ -65,22 +70,27 @@ class ProjectController extends BaseApiController
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['scores'],
             $payload['missing_ok'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
-        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year']);
+        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year'], $userId);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'updated' => $count]);
     }
 
     public function addColumn(ScoreAddColumnRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $nextIndex = $this->service->addColumn(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
             (string) $payload['semester'],
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'project_index' => $nextIndex]);
@@ -111,9 +121,9 @@ class ProjectController extends BaseApiController
         ]);
     }
 
-    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear): void
+    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear, int $actorUserId): void
     {
-        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0));
+        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, $actorUserId);
         if (empty($studentInfo)) {
             return;
         }
@@ -123,4 +133,17 @@ class ProjectController extends BaseApiController
             // swallow errors to keep API response stable
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Scores/QuizController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Scores;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreAddColumnRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Scores\ScoreStudentResource;
@@ -58,6 +58,11 @@ class QuizController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(ScoreUpdateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $count = $this->service->update(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
@@ -65,22 +70,27 @@ class QuizController extends BaseApiController
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['scores'],
             $payload['missing_ok'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
-        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year']);
+        $this->refreshSemesterScores((int) $payload['class_section_id'], (string) $payload['semester'], (string) $payload['school_year'], $userId);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'updated' => $count]);
     }
 
     public function addColumn(ScoreAddColumnRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $nextIndex = $this->service->addColumn(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
             (string) $payload['semester'],
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'quiz_index' => $nextIndex]);
@@ -111,9 +121,9 @@ class QuizController extends BaseApiController
         ]);
     }
 
-    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear): void
+    private function refreshSemesterScores(int $classSectionId, string $semester, string $schoolYear, int $actorUserId): void
     {
-        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0));
+        $studentInfo = Student::getStudentInfoByClassSectionId($classSectionId, $semester, $schoolYear, $actorUserId);
         if (empty($studentInfo)) {
             return;
         }
@@ -122,4 +132,17 @@ class QuizController extends BaseApiController
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Scores/ScoreCommentController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Scores;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreCommentListRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreCommentSaveRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreCommentUpdateRequest;
@@ -72,6 +72,11 @@ class ScoreCommentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(ScoreCommentSaveRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $result = $this->service->save(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
@@ -79,7 +84,7 @@ class ScoreCommentController extends BaseApiController
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['comments'],
             $payload['missing_ok'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         if (!empty($result['errors'])) {
@@ -91,6 +96,11 @@ class ScoreCommentController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function update(ScoreCommentUpdateRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $result = $this->service->update(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
@@ -98,7 +108,7 @@ class ScoreCommentController extends BaseApiController
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['comments'] ?? [],
             $payload['reviews'] ?? [],
-            (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0)
+            $userId
         );
 
         if (!empty($result['errors'])) {
@@ -107,4 +117,17 @@ class ScoreCommentController extends BaseApiController
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Scores/ScoreController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Scores;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreLockRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreOverviewRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScoreStudentRequest;
@@ -19,8 +19,12 @@ class ScoreController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function overview(ScoreOverviewRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $teacherId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($teacherId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $teacherId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $teacherId = (int) ($request->user()?->id ?? (auth()->id() ?? 0));
         $classSectionId = $payload['class_section_id'] ?? $request->input('class_section_id');
         $semester = $payload['semester'] ?? $request->input('semester');
         $schoolYear = $payload['school_year'] ?? $request->input('school_year');
@@ -45,13 +49,18 @@ class ScoreController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function lock(ScoreLockRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $userId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($userId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $userId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
         $this->service->submitScoresLock(
             (int) $payload['class_section_id'],
             (string) $payload['semester'],
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             $payload['missing_ok'] ?? [],
-            (int) ($request->user()?->id ?? (auth()->id() ?? 0))
+            $userId
         );
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
@@ -59,11 +68,28 @@ class ScoreController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function studentScores(ScoreStudentRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $parentId = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($parentId instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $parentId;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $parentId = (int) ($request->user()?->id ?? (auth()->id() ?? 0));
 
         $data = $this->service->viewStudentScores($parentId, (string) $payload['school_year']);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true] + $data);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (request()->user()?->id ?? auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Scores/ScorePredictorController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Scores;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Scores\ScorePredictorRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Scores\ScorePredictorStudentResource;
 use App\Services\Scores\ScorePredictorService;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Settings/ConfigurationAdminController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Settings;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Settings\ConfigurationStoreRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Settings\ConfigurationUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Settings\ConfigurationResource;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Settings/EventController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Settings;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Events\EventChargeIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Events\EventChargeUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Events\EventIndexRequest;
@@ -62,11 +62,15 @@ class EventController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(EventStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
         try {
-            $result = $this->managementService->create($payload, $request->file('flyer'), $actorId);
+            $result = $this->managementService->create($payload, $request->file('flyer'), $guard);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('Event creation failed.', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Failed to create event.'], 500);
@@ -100,8 +104,12 @@ class EventController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function destroy(int $eventId): JsonResponse
     {
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        $result = $this->managementService->delete($eventId, $actorId);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
+        $result = $this->managementService->delete($eventId, $guard);
 
         if (empty($result['ok'])) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $result['message'] ?? 'Failed to delete event.'], 404);
@@ -124,8 +132,12 @@ class EventController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function updateCharges(EventChargeUpdateRequest $request, int $eventId): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $payload = $request->validated();
-        $actorId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
 
         $result = $this->chargeService->updateParticipation(
             (int) $payload['parent_id'],
@@ -133,7 +145,7 @@ class EventController extends BaseApiController
             $payload['participation'],
             (string) $payload['school_year'],
             (string) $payload['semester'],
-            $actorId
+            $guard
         );
 
         if (empty($result['ok'])) {
@@ -163,4 +175,17 @@ class EventController extends BaseApiController
             'students' => EventStudentChargeResource::collection($students),
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Settings/PolicyController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Settings;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Settings\PolicyShowRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Settings\PolicyResource;
 use App\Services\Policy\PolicyContentService;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Settings/PreferencesController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Settings;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Preferences\PreferencesIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Preferences\PreferencesUpsertRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Preferences\PreferencesCollection;
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ class PreferencesController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function show(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $payload = $this->queryService->getForUser($userId);
+        $payload = $this->queryService->getForUser($guard);
 
         return $this->success([
             'preferences' => new PreferencesResource($payload['preferences']),
@@ -74,19 +74,19 @@ class PreferencesController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(PreferencesUpsertRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         try {
-            $saved = $this->commandService->upsert($userId, $request->validated());
+            $saved = $this->commandService->upsert($guard, $request->validated());
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('Preferences save failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
             return $this->error('Unable to save preferences.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
         }
 
-        $payload = $this->queryService->getForUser($userId);
+        $payload = $this->queryService->getForUser($guard);
 
         return $this->success([
             'preferences' => new PreferencesResource($payload['preferences']),
@@ -136,4 +136,17 @@ class PreferencesController extends BaseApiController
 
         return $this->success(null, 'Preferences deleted.');
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Settings/SchoolCalendarController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Settings;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Settings\SchoolCalendarIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Settings\SchoolCalendarOptionsRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Settings\SchoolCalendarStoreRequest;
@@ -61,7 +61,14 @@ class SchoolCalendarController extends BaseApiController
         })->all();
 
         if ($includeMeetings) {
-            $parentUserId = $audience === 'parent' ? (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0) : null;
+            $parentUserId = null;
+            if ($audience === 'parent') {
+                $actor = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+                if ($actor instanceof JsonResponse) {
+                    return $actor;
+                }
+                $parentUserId = $actor;
+            }
             $meetingRows = $this->meetingService->listMeetings($filters['school_year'] ?? '', $audience, $parentUserId);
             foreach ($meetingRows as $row) {
                 $formatted[] = $this->formatterService->formatMeetingEvent($row, $audience);
@@ -151,4 +158,17 @@ class SchoolCalendarController extends BaseApiController
             'admins' => !empty($payload['send_email_admin']),
         ];
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Settings/SettingsController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Settings;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Settings\SettingsUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Settings\SettingsResource;
 use App\Models\Setting;
@@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ class SettingsController extends BaseApiController
         $settings = Setting::singleton();
         $this->authorize('update', $settings);
 
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         try {
-            $updated = $this->settingsService->update($request->validated(), $userId);
+            $updated = $this->settingsService->update($request->validated(), $guard);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('Settings update failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
             return $this->error('Unable to update settings.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
@@ -48,4 +48,17 @@ class SettingsController extends BaseApiController
             'settings' => new SettingsResource($updated),
         ], 'Settings updated.');
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Staff/StaffController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Staff;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Staff\StaffIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Staff\StaffStoreRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Staff\StaffUpdateRequest;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Staff/TeacherController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Staff;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Teachers\TeacherAbsenceSubmitRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Teachers\TeacherClassViewRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Teachers\TeacherSwitchClassRequest;
@@ -25,21 +25,21 @@ class TeacherController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function classes(TeacherClassViewRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         try {
             $data = $this->dashboardService->classView(
-                $userId,
+                $guard,
                 $request->validated()['class_section_id'] ?? null
             );
         } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $e->getMessage()], 403);
         }
 
-        $teacher = $this->teacherPayload($data['teacher'] ?? null, $userId);
+        $teacher = $this->teacherPayload($data['teacher'] ?? null, $guard);
         $studentsBySection = [];
 
         foreach (($data['studentsBySection'] ?? []) as $sectionId => $students) {
@@ -59,15 +59,15 @@ class TeacherController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function switchClass(TeacherSwitchClassRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         $requested = (int) $request->validated()['class_section_id'];
 
         try {
-            $data = $this->dashboardService->classView($userId, $requested);
+            $data = $this->dashboardService->classView($guard, $requested);
         } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => $e->getMessage()], 403);
         }
@@ -87,12 +87,12 @@ class TeacherController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function absenceForm(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $data = $this->absenceService->formData($userId);
+        $data = $this->absenceService->formData($guard);
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => true,
@@ -106,12 +106,12 @@ class TeacherController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function submitAbsence(TeacherAbsenceSubmitRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
-        $result = $this->absenceService->submit($userId, $request->validated());
+        $result = $this->absenceService->submit($guard, $request->validated());
 
         return response()->json([
             'ok' => (bool) ($result['ok'] ?? false),
@@ -140,4 +140,17 @@ class TeacherController extends BaseApiController
             'role' => User::getUserRoleName($userId),
         ];
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Unauthorized.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Staff/TimeOffNotificationController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Staff;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Services\Email\EmailDispatchService;
+use App\Services\Staff\StaffTimeOffLinkService;
+use Illuminate\Http\Response;
+
+/**
+ * Public principal acknowledgment link — sends courtesy confirmation to the requester.
+ */
+class TimeOffNotificationController extends Controller
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private StaffTimeOffLinkService $tokens,
+        private EmailDispatchService $mail,
+    ) {}
+
+    public function notify(string $token): Response
+    {
+        $payload = $this->tokens->parseToken($token);
+
+        if (! $payload) {
+            return $this->respondHtml('Sorry, this link is invalid or has expired.', 400);
+        }
+
+        $email = trim((string) ($payload['email'] ?? ''));
+        $fullName = trim((string) ($payload['name'] ?? ''));
+
+        if ($email === '') {
+            return $this->respondHtml('Unable to notify the requester because their email was not included.', 400);
+        }
+
+        $dates = (string) ($payload['dates'] ?? '-');
+        $role = (string) ($payload['role'] ?? 'staff');
+        $reason = (string) ($payload['reason'] ?? '');
+        $reasonType = (string) ($payload['reason_type'] ?? '');
+        $submittedAt = (string) ($payload['submitted_at'] ?? '');
+        $origin = (string) ($payload['origin'] ?? 'staff portal');
+
+        try {
+            $subject = 'TimeOff Request - Principal Acknowledgment';
+            $body = '<div style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;">'
+                .'<p>Dear '.e($fullName !== '' ? $fullName : 'Staff Member').',</p>'
+                .'<p>This is a courtesy confirmation that your time-off request submitted via the '
+                .e($origin).' has been reviewed by the principal.</p>'
+                .'<table cellpadding="6" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;">'
+                .'<tr><td><strong>Role</strong></td><td>'.e($role).'</td></tr>'
+                .'<tr><td><strong>Dates</strong></td><td>'.e($dates !== '' ? $dates : '-').'</td></tr>'
+                .'<tr><td><strong>Reason Type</strong></td><td>'.e($reasonType !== '' ? $reasonType : '-').'</td></tr>'
+                .'<tr><td><strong>Reason</strong></td><td>'.e($reason !== '' ? $reason : '-').'</td></tr>'
+                .($submittedAt !== '' ? '<tr><td><strong>Submitted At</strong></td><td>'.e($submittedAt).'</td></tr>' : '')
+                .'</table>'
+                .'<p>If you have any follow-up questions, please contact the principal\'s office directly.</p>'
+                .'<p style="margin-top:16px;">Thank you,<br>Al Rahma School Administration</p>'
+                .'</div>';
+
+            $this->mail->send($email, $subject, $body, 'notifications');
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            logger()->error('Failed to send TimeOff confirmation to requester: '.$e->getMessage());
+
+            return $this->respondHtml(
+                'Something went wrong while sending the confirmation email. Please contact IT for help.',
+                500
+            );
+        }
+
+        return $this->respondHtml('Confirmation email sent to the requester. You may close this window.');
+    }
+
+    private function respondHtml(string $message, int $statusCode = 200): Response
+    {
+        $html = '<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>TimeOff</title></head>'
+            .'<body style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:24px;">'
+            .'<p>'.e($message).'</p>'
+            .'</body></html>';
+
+        return response($html, $statusCode, [
+            'Content-Type' => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8',
+        ]);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Students/StudentController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Students;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Students\StudentAssignClassRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Students\StudentAssignmentListRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Students\StudentAutoDistributeRequest;
@@ -676,10 +676,10 @@ class StudentController extends BaseApiController
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'row' => $contact]);
     }
 
-    public function updateRfid(Request $request, int $studentId): JsonResponse
+    public function updateBadgeScan(Request $request, int $studentId): JsonResponse
     {
         $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
-            'rfid_tag' => ['required', 'string', 'max:100'],
+            'badge_scan' => ['required', 'string', 'max:100'],
         ]);
 
         if ($validator->fails()) {
@@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ class StudentController extends BaseApiController
             return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Student not found.'], 404);
         }
 
-        $student->update(['rfid_tag' => $validator->validated()['rfid_tag']]);
+        $student->update(['rfid_tag' => $validator->validated()['badge_scan']]);
 
         return response()->json(['ok' => true]);
     }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Subjects/SubjectCurriculumController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Subjects;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Subjects\SubjectCurriculumStoreRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Subjects\SubjectCurriculumUpdateRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Subjects\SubjectClassResource;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Support/ContactController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Support;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Support\ContactSendRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Support\ContactMessageResource;
 use App\Services\Support\ContactMessageService;

app/Http/Controllers/Api/Support/SupportController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\Support;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Requests\Support\SupportRequestIndexRequest;
 use App\Http\Requests\Support\SupportRequestStoreRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\Support\SupportRequestCollection;
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ class SupportController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function index(SupportRequestIndexRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
-        if ($userId <= 0) {
-            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
         }
 
         $this->authorize('viewAny', SupportRequest::class);
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class SupportController extends BaseApiController
             ->intersect(['administrator', 'admin', 'principal', 'vice_principal', 'vice-principal'])
             ->isNotEmpty();
 
-        $paginator = $this->supportService->list($userId, $filters, $page, $perPage, $isAdmin);
+        $paginator = $this->supportService->list($guard, $filters, $page, $perPage, $isAdmin);
         $collection = new SupportRequestCollection($paginator);
 
         return $this->success([
@@ -50,8 +50,13 @@ class SupportController extends BaseApiController
 
     public function store(SupportRequestStoreRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        $guard = $this->authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized();
+        if ($guard instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $guard;
+        }
+
         $user = auth()->user();
-        if (!$user) {
+        if (! $user) {
             return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
         }
 
@@ -62,7 +67,7 @@ class SupportController extends BaseApiController
         $payload['user_name'] = trim(($user->firstname ?? '') . ' ' . ($user->lastname ?? ''));
 
         try {
-            $result = $this->supportService->create($user->id, $payload);
+            $result = $this->supportService->create((int) $user->id, $payload);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('Support request failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
             return $this->error('Unable to submit support request.', Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
@@ -80,4 +85,17 @@ class SupportController extends BaseApiController
             'page' => 'teacher_support',
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return int|JsonResponse
+     */
+    private function authenticatedUserIdOrUnauthorized(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $userId = (int) (auth()->id() ?? 0);
+        if ($userId <= 0) {
+            return $this->error('Unauthorized.', Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
+        }
+
+        return $userId;
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/System/AccessDeniedController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\System;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+
+class AccessDeniedController extends Controller
+{
+    /** CI route: GET /access_denied */
+    public function accessDenied(): JsonResponse
+    {
+        return response()->json([
+            'status' => false,
+            'error' => 'forbidden',
+            'message' => 'Access denied.',
+        ], 403);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/System/DashboardController.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\System;
 
-use App\Http\Controllers\Api\BaseApiController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Api\Core\BaseApiController;
 use App\Http\Resources\System\DashboardRouteResource;
 use App\Services\Dashboard\DashboardRouteService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;