alrahma_sunday_school_api/app/Models/Concerns/HasOptionalSchoolYearContext.php

<?php

namespace App\Models\Concerns;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;

trait HasOptionalSchoolYearContext
{
    public function scopeForOptionalSchoolYearContext(Builder $query, object $context): Builder
    {
        return $query->where(function (Builder $q) use ($context) {
            $q->whereNull($this->getTable().'.school_year')
                ->orWhere($this->getTable().'.school_year', $context->yearName());
        });
    }

    public function scopeOnlyForSchoolYearContext(Builder $query, object $context): Builder
    {
        return $query->where($this->getTable().'.school_year', $context->yearName());
    }
}