reconstruction of the project

app/Models/UserNotification.php

@@ -2,12 +2,19 @@
 
 namespace App\Models;
 
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
 use App\Models\BaseModel;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
 
 class UserNotification extends BaseModel
 {
     protected $table = 'user_notifications';
-    protected $primaryKey = 'id';
+
+    /**
+     * CI: timestamps disabled (uses delivered_at)
+     */
+    public $timestamps = false;
+
     protected $fillable = [
         'notification_id',
         'user_id',
@@ -17,5 +24,100 @@ class UserNotification extends BaseModel
         'school_year',
         'semester',
     ];
-    public $timestamps = false;
+
+    protected $casts = [
+        'notification_id' => 'integer',
+        'user_id'         => 'integer',
+        'is_read'         => 'boolean',
+        'delivered'       => 'boolean',
+        'delivered_at'    => 'datetime',
+    ];
+
+    /* ============================================================
+     * Relationships (optional)
+     * ============================================================
+     */
+
+    public function user(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'user_id');
+    }
+
+    public function notification(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        // Change Notification::class if your model name differs
+        return $this->belongsTo(Notification::class, 'notification_id');
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================
+     * Scopes
+     * ============================================================
+     */
+
+    public function scopeForUser(Builder $q, int $userId): Builder
+    {
+        return $q->where('user_id', $userId);
+    }
+
+    public function scopeUnread(Builder $q): Builder
+    {
+        return $q->where('is_read', 0);
+    }
+
+    public function scopeRead(Builder $q): Builder
+    {
+        return $q->where('is_read', 1);
+    }
+
+    public function scopeDelivered(Builder $q): Builder
+    {
+        return $q->where('delivered', 1);
+    }
+
+    public function scopeUndelivered(Builder $q): Builder
+    {
+        return $q->where(function (Builder $w) {
+            $w->whereNull('delivered')->orWhere('delivered', 0);
+        });
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================
+     * Helpers
+     * ============================================================
+     */
+
+    public function markDelivered(?\DateTimeInterface $at = null): self
+    {
+        $this->delivered = true;
+        $this->delivered_at = $at ?: now();
+        $this->save();
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function markRead(): self
+    {
+        $this->is_read = true;
+        $this->save();
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================
+     * Optional validation helper
+     * ============================================================
+     */
+
+    public static function rules(bool $updating = false): array
+    {
+        $req = $updating ? 'sometimes' : 'required';
+
+        return [
+            'notification_id' => [$req, 'integer', 'min:1', 'exists:notifications,id'],
+            'user_id'         => [$req, 'integer', 'min:1', 'exists:users,id'],
+            'is_read'         => ['nullable', 'boolean'],
+            'delivered'       => ['nullable', 'boolean'],
+            'delivered_at'    => ['nullable', 'date'],
+        ];
+    }
 }