reconstruction of the project

app/Models/ParentNotification.php

@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ use App\Models\BaseModel;
 class ParentNotification extends BaseModel
 {
     protected $table = 'parent_notifications';
-    protected $primaryKey    = 'id';
+
+    // ✅ CI: useTimestamps = true (created_at/updated_at)
     public $timestamps = true;
-    const CREATED_AT = 'created_at';
-    const UPDATED_AT = 'updated_at';
+
     protected $fillable = [
         'student_id',
         'code',
@@ -26,15 +26,40 @@ class ParentNotification extends BaseModel
         'updated_at',
     ];
 
-    public function hasSent(int $studentId, string $code, string $incidentYmd, string $channel='email', ?string $to=null): bool
-    {
-        $qb = $this->where('student_id', $studentId)
-                   ->where('code', $code)
-                   ->where('incident_date', $incidentYmd)
-                   ->where('channel', $channel);
-        if ($to) $qb->where('to_address', $to);
+    protected $casts = [
+        'student_id'    => 'integer',
+        // incident_date is stored as Y-m-d in CI usage
+        'incident_date' => 'date',
+    ];
 
-        $row = $qb->orderBy('id','DESC')->first();
-        return $row && ($row['status'] ?? '') === 'sent';
+    /* Optional relationships */
+    public function student()
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(Student::class, 'student_id');
     }
-}
+
+    /**
+     * Equivalent of CI hasSent()
+     */
+    public static function hasSent(
+        int $studentId,
+        string $code,
+        string $incidentYmd,
+        string $channel = 'email',
+        ?string $to = null
+    ): bool {
+        $q = static::query()
+            ->where('student_id', $studentId)
+            ->where('code', $code)
+            ->whereDate('incident_date', $incidentYmd)
+            ->where('channel', $channel);
+
+        if (!empty($to)) {
+            $q->where('to_address', $to);
+        }
+
+        $row = $q->orderByDesc('id')->first();
+
+        return $row && (($row->status ?? '') === 'sent');
+    }
+}