reconstruction of the project

app/Models/Message.php

@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@ use App\Models\BaseModel;
 class Message extends BaseModel
 {
     protected $table = 'messages';
-    protected $primaryKey = 'id';
+
+    // CI: useTimestamps = false (manual date fields)
+    public $timestamps = false;
+
     protected $fillable = [
         'sender_id',
         'recipient_id',
@@ -24,134 +27,115 @@ class Message extends BaseModel
         'school_year',
     ];
 
-        public $timestamps = false; // Since you're manually handling date fields
+    protected $casts = [
+        'sender_id'      => 'integer',
+        'recipient_id'   => 'integer',
+        'read_status'    => 'boolean',
+        'message_number' => 'integer',
 
-    /**
-     * Get unread messages for a specific recipient.
-     *
-     * @param int $recipientId
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function getUnreadMessages($recipientId)
+        'sent_datetime'  => 'datetime',
+        'read_datetime'  => 'datetime',
+    ];
+
+    /* Optional relationships */
+    public function sender()
     {
-        return $this->where('recipient_id', $recipientId)
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'sender_id');
+    }
+
+    public function recipient()
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'recipient_id');
+    }
+
+    /* =========================
+     * CI method equivalents
+     * ========================= */
+
+    public static function getUnreadMessages(int $recipientId)
+    {
+        return static::query()
+            ->where('recipient_id', $recipientId)
             ->where('read_status', 0)
-            ->orderBy('sent_datetime', 'DESC')
-            ->findAll();
+            ->orderByDesc('sent_datetime')
+            ->get();
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Mark a message as read and update the read_datetime.
-     *
-     * @param int $messageId
-     * @return bool
-     */
-    public function markAsRead($messageId)
+    public static function markAsRead(int $messageId): bool
     {
-        return $this->update($messageId, [
-            'read_status' => 1,
-            'read_datetime' => utc_now() // Set the current datetime when marked as read
-        ]);
+        $affected = static::query()
+            ->whereKey($messageId)
+            ->update([
+                'read_status'   => 1,
+                'read_datetime' => now(), // set app timezone (configure to UTC if desired)
+            ]);
+
+        return $affected > 0;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Get messages by priority.
-     *
-     * @param string $priority
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function getMessagesByPriority($priority = 'normal')
+    public static function getMessagesByPriority(string $priority = 'normal')
     {
-        return $this->where('priority', $priority)
-            ->orderBy('sent_datetime', 'DESC')
-            ->findAll();
+        return static::query()
+            ->where('priority', $priority)
+            ->orderByDesc('sent_datetime')
+            ->get();
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Get messages by status.
-     *
-     * @param string $status
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function getMessagesByStatus($status = 'sent')
+    public static function getMessagesByStatus(string $status = 'sent')
     {
-        return $this->where('status', $status)
-            ->orderBy('sent_datetime', 'DESC')
-            ->findAll();
+        return static::query()
+            ->where('status', $status)
+            ->orderByDesc('sent_datetime')
+            ->get();
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Get inbox messages for a user.
-     *
-     * @param int $userId
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function getInboxMessages($userId)
+    public static function getInboxMessages(int $userId)
     {
-        return $this->where('recipient_id', $userId)
+        return static::query()
+            ->where('recipient_id', $userId)
             ->where('status', 'received')
-            ->orderBy('sent_datetime', 'DESC')
-            ->findAll();
+            ->orderByDesc('sent_datetime')
+            ->get();
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Get sent messages for a user.
-     *
-     * @param int $userId
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function getSentMessages($userId)
+    public static function getSentMessages(int $userId)
     {
-        return $this->where('sender_id', $userId)
-            ->where('status', 'sent')
-            ->orderBy('sent_datetime', 'DESC')
-            ->findAll();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get draft messages for a user.
-     *
-     * @param int $userId
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function getDraftMessages($userId)
-    {
-        return $this->where('sender_id', $userId)
-            ->where('status', 'draft')
-            ->orderBy('sent_datetime', 'DESC')
-            ->findAll();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get trashed messages for a user.
-     *
-     * @param int $userId
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function getTrashedMessages($userId)
-    {
-        return $this->groupStart()
+        return static::query()
             ->where('sender_id', $userId)
-            ->orWhere('recipient_id', $userId)
-            ->groupEnd()
-            ->where('status', 'trashed')
-            ->orderBy('sent_datetime', 'DESC')
-            ->findAll();
+            ->where('status', 'sent')
+            ->orderByDesc('sent_datetime')
+            ->get();
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Get messages for a specific semester and school year.
-     *
-     * @param string $semester
-     * @param string|null $school_year
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function getMessagesBySemesterAndYear($semester, $school_year = null)
+    public static function getDraftMessages(int $userId)
     {
-        $builder = $this->where('semester', $semester);
-        if ($school_year) {
-            $builder->where('school_year', $school_year);
+        return static::query()
+            ->where('sender_id', $userId)
+            ->where('status', 'draft')
+            ->orderByDesc('sent_datetime')
+            ->get();
+    }
+
+    public static function getTrashedMessages(int $userId)
+    {
+        return static::query()
+            ->where(function ($q) use ($userId) {
+                $q->where('sender_id', $userId)
+                  ->orWhere('recipient_id', $userId);
+            })
+            ->where('status', 'trashed')
+            ->orderByDesc('sent_datetime')
+            ->get();
+    }
+
+    public static function getMessagesBySemesterAndYear(string $semester, ?string $schoolYear = null)
+    {
+        $q = static::query()->where('semester', $semester);
+
+        if (!empty($schoolYear)) {
+            $q->where('school_year', $schoolYear);
         }
-        return $builder->orderBy('sent_datetime', 'DESC')->findAll();
+
+        return $q->orderByDesc('sent_datetime')->get();
     }
 }