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app/Controllers/financial_aid_formula.py

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+def estimated_aid(total_balance, household_size, household_income):
+    """Estimate aid using a Massachusetts cost-adjusted poverty benchmark."""
+
+    if household_size < 1:
+        raise ValueError("household_size must be at least 1")
+    if total_balance < 0 or household_income < 0:
+        raise ValueError("balance and income cannot be negative")
+
+    # Official 2026 federal poverty guideline for the contiguous states.
+    federal_poverty_level = (
+        15_960 + 5_680 * (household_size - 1)
+    )
+
+    # Massachusetts prices are approximately 5.757% above the
+    # national average according to the latest available BEA data.
+    massachusetts_cost_factor = 1.05757
+
+    # This is an internal cost-adjusted benchmark, not the official FPL.
+    adjusted_need_threshold = (
+        federal_poverty_level * massachusetts_cost_factor
+    )
+
+    # Protect household income up to 200% of the adjusted benchmark.
+    protected_income = 2.0 * adjusted_need_threshold
+
+    # Only income exceeding the protected amount is considered available.
+    discretionary_income = max(
+        0.0,
+        household_income - protected_income,
+    )
+
+    # Expect 10% of discretionary income to be available for school fees.
+    expected_contribution = 0.10 * discretionary_income
+
+    # Aid covers the remaining fee balance.
+    estimated = total_balance - expected_contribution
+
+    # Prevent negative awards or awards exceeding the fee balance.
+    return round(
+        max(0.0, min(total_balance, estimated)),
+        2,
+    )
+
+
+def final_rebate(
+    total_balance,
+    household_size,
+    household_income,
+    amount_requested,
+):
+    """Return estimated aid capped by the request and fee balance."""
+
+    if amount_requested < 0:
+        raise ValueError("amount_requested cannot be negative")
+
+    estimated = estimated_aid(
+        total_balance,
+        household_size,
+        household_income,
+    )
+
+    return min(estimated, amount_requested, total_balance)